Merge recent update from ch7 && cargo clippy

easy-fs-fuse/src/main.rs

@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ fn easy_fs_pack() -> std::io::Result<()> {
     })));
     // 16MiB, at most 4095 files
     let efs = EasyFileSystem::create(
-        block_file.clone(),
+        block_file,
         16 * 2048,
         1,
     );

easy-fs/src/bitmap.rs

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ pub struct Bitmap {
 /// Return (block_pos, bits64_pos, inner_pos)
 fn decomposition(mut bit: usize) -> (usize, usize, usize) {
     let block_pos = bit / BLOCK_BITS;
-    bit = bit % BLOCK_BITS;
+    bit %= BLOCK_BITS;
     (block_pos, bit / 64, bit % 64)
 }
 
@@ -70,4 +70,4 @@ impl Bitmap {
     pub fn maximum(&self) -> usize {
         self.blocks * BLOCK_BITS
     }
-}
+}

easy-fs/src/layout.rs

@@ -289,35 +289,26 @@ impl DiskInode {
         .lock()
         .modify(0, |indirect2: &mut IndirectBlock| {
             // full indirect1 blocks
-            for i in 0..a1 {
-                v.push(indirect2[i]);
-                get_block_cache(
-                    indirect2[i] as usize,
-                    Arc::clone(block_device),
-                )
-                .lock()
-                .modify(0, |indirect1: &mut IndirectBlock| {
-                    for j in 0..INODE_INDIRECT1_COUNT {
-                        v.push(indirect1[j]);
-                        //indirect1[j] = 0;
-                    }
-                });
-                //indirect2[i] = 0;
+            for entry in indirect2.iter_mut().take(a1) {
+                v.push(*entry);
+                get_block_cache(*entry as usize, Arc::clone(block_device))
+                    .lock()
+                    .modify(0, |indirect1: &mut IndirectBlock| {
+                        for entry in indirect1.iter() {
+                            v.push(*entry);
+                        }
+                    });
             }
             // last indirect1 block
             if b1 > 0 {
                 v.push(indirect2[a1]);
-                get_block_cache(
-                    indirect2[a1] as usize,
-                    Arc::clone(block_device),
-                )
-                .lock()
-                .modify(0, |indirect1: &mut IndirectBlock| {
-                    for j in 0..b1 {
-                        v.push(indirect1[j]);
-                        //indirect1[j] = 0;
-                    }
-                });
+                get_block_cache(indirect2[a1] as usize, Arc::clone(block_device))
+                    .lock()
+                    .modify(0, |indirect1: &mut IndirectBlock| {
+                        for entry in indirect1.iter().take(b1) {
+                            v.push(*entry);
+                        }
+                    });
                 //indirect2[a1] = 0;
             }
         });
@@ -445,4 +436,4 @@ impl DirEntry {
     pub fn inode_number(&self) -> u32 {
         self.inode_number
     }
-}
+}

easy-fs/src/vfs.rs

@@ -110,12 +110,13 @@ impl Inode {
 
     pub fn create(&self, name: &str) -> Option<Arc<Inode>> {
         let mut fs = self.fs.lock();
-        if self.modify_disk_inode(|root_inode| {
+        let op = |root_inode: &mut DiskInode| {
             // assert it is a directory
             assert!(root_inode.is_dir());
             // has the file been created?
             self.find_inode_id(name, root_inode)
-        }).is_some() {
+        };
+        if self.modify_disk_inode(op).is_some() {
             return None;
         }
         // create a new file

os/src/fs/pipe.rs

@@ -78,12 +78,10 @@ impl PipeRingBuffer {
     pub fn available_read(&self) -> usize {
         if self.status == RingBufferStatus::EMPTY {
             0
+        } else if self.tail > self.head {
+            self.tail - self.head
         } else {
-            if self.tail > self.head {
-                self.tail - self.head
-            } else {
-                self.tail + RING_BUFFER_SIZE - self.head
-            }
+            self.tail + RING_BUFFER_SIZE - self.head
         }
     }
     pub fn available_write(&self) -> usize {
@@ -165,4 +163,4 @@ impl File for Pipe {
             }
         }
     }
-}
+}

os/src/mm/frame_allocator.rs

@@ -62,13 +62,11 @@ impl FrameAllocator for StackFrameAllocator {
     fn alloc(&mut self) -> Option<PhysPageNum> {
         if let Some(ppn) = self.recycled.pop() {
             Some(ppn.into())
+        } else if self.current == self.end {
+            None
         } else {
-            if self.current == self.end {
-                None
-            } else {
-                self.current += 1;
-                Some((self.current - 1).into())
-            }
+            self.current += 1;
+            Some((self.current - 1).into())
         }
     }
     fn dealloc(&mut self, ppn: PhysPageNum) {
@@ -131,4 +129,4 @@ pub fn frame_allocator_test() {
     }
     drop(v);
     println!("frame_allocator_test passed!");
-}
+}

user/src/bin/cmdline_args.rs

@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@ extern crate user_lib;
 #[no_mangle]
 pub fn main(argc: usize, argv: &[&str]) -> i32 {
     println!("argc = {}", argc);
-    for i in 0..argc {
-        println!("argv[{}] = {}", i, argv[i]);
+    for (i, arg) in argv.iter().enumerate() {
+        println!("argv[{}] = {}", i, arg);
     }
     0
-}
+}

user/src/bin/huge_write.rs

@@ -15,8 +15,8 @@ use user_lib::{
 #[no_mangle]
 pub fn main() -> i32 {
     let mut buffer = [0u8; 1024]; // 1KiB
-    for i in 0..buffer.len() {
-        buffer[i] = i as u8;
+    for (i, ch) in buffer.iter_mut().enumerate() {
+        *ch = i as u8;
     }
     let f = open("testf\0", OpenFlags::CREATE | OpenFlags::WRONLY);
     if f < 0 {

user/src/bin/initproc.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 #![no_std]
 #![no_main]
 
-#[macro_use]
 extern crate user_lib;
 
 use user_lib::{
@@ -14,7 +13,7 @@ use user_lib::{
 #[no_mangle]
 fn main() -> i32 {
     if fork() == 0 {
-        exec("user_shell\0", &[0 as *const u8]);
+        exec("user_shell\0", &[core::ptr::null::<u8>()]);
     } else {
         loop {
             let mut exit_code: i32 = 0;
@@ -23,11 +22,13 @@ fn main() -> i32 {
                 yield_();
                 continue;
             }
+            /*
             println!(
                 "[initproc] Released a zombie process, pid={}, exit_code={}",
                 pid,
                 exit_code,
             );
+            */
         }
     }
     0

user/src/bin/matrix.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #![no_std]
 #![no_main]
+#![allow(clippy::needless_range_loop)]
 
 #[macro_use]
 extern crate user_lib;

user/src/bin/mpsc_sem.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #![no_std]
 #![no_main]
+#![allow(clippy::println_empty_string)]
 
 #[macro_use]
 extern crate user_lib;

user/src/bin/phil_din_mutex.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #![no_std]
 #![no_main]
+#![allow(clippy::println_empty_string)]
 
 #[macro_use]
 extern crate user_lib;
@@ -73,17 +74,17 @@ pub fn main() -> i32 {
         print!("#{}:", id); 
         for j in 0..time_cost/GRAPH_SCALE {
             let current_time = j * GRAPH_SCALE + start;
-            if (0..ROUND).find(|round| unsafe {
+            if (0..ROUND).any(|round| unsafe {
                 let start_thinking = THINK[id][2 * round];
                 let end_thinking = THINK[id][2 * round + 1];
                 start_thinking <= current_time && current_time <= end_thinking
-            }).is_some() {
+            }) {
                 print!("-");
-            } else if (0..ROUND).find(|round| unsafe {
+            } else if (0..ROUND).any(|round| unsafe {
                 let start_eating = EAT[id][2 * round];
                 let end_eating = EAT[id][2 * round + 1];
                 start_eating <= current_time && current_time <= end_eating
-            }).is_some() {
+            }) {
                 print!("x");
             } else {
                 print!(" ");

user/src/bin/pipe_large_test.rs

@@ -40,8 +40,8 @@ pub fn main() -> i32 {
         // close write end of up pipe
         close(up_pipe_fd[1]);
         // generate a long random string
-        for i in 0..LENGTH {
-            random_str[i] = get_time() as u8;
+        for ch in random_str.iter_mut() {
+            *ch = get_time() as u8;
         }
         // send it
         assert_eq!(write(down_pipe_fd[1], &random_str) as usize, random_str.len());
@@ -66,4 +66,4 @@ pub fn main() -> i32 {
         println!("pipe_large_test passed!");
         0
     }
-}
+}

user/src/bin/run_pipe_test.rs

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ use user_lib::{fork, exec, wait};
 pub fn main() -> i32 {
     for i in 0..1000 {
         if fork() == 0 {
-            exec("pipe_large_test\0", &[0 as *const u8]);
+            exec("pipe_large_test\0", &[core::ptr::null::<u8>()]);
         } else {
             let mut _unused: i32 = 0;
             wait(&mut _unused);
@@ -18,4 +18,4 @@ pub fn main() -> i32 {
         }
     }
     0
-}
+}

user/src/bin/sync_sem.rs

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ extern crate alloc;
 use user_lib::{semaphore_create, semaphore_up, semaphore_down};
 use user_lib::{thread_create, waittid, sleep};
 use user_lib::exit;
-use alloc::vec::Vec;
+use alloc::vec;
 
 const SEM_SYNC: usize = 0;
 
@@ -33,9 +33,10 @@ pub fn main() -> i32 {
     // create semaphores
     assert_eq!(semaphore_create(0) as usize, SEM_SYNC);
     // create threads
-    let mut threads = Vec::new();
-    threads.push(thread_create(first as usize, 0));
-    threads.push(thread_create(second as usize, 0));
+    let threads = vec![
+        thread_create(first as usize, 0),
+        thread_create(second as usize, 0),
+    ];
     // wait for all threads to complete
     for thread in threads.iter() {
         waittid(*thread as usize);

user/src/bin/test_condvar.rs

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ extern crate alloc;
 use user_lib::{condvar_create, condvar_signal, condvar_wait, mutex_blocking_create, mutex_lock, mutex_unlock};
 use user_lib::{thread_create, waittid, sleep};
 use user_lib::exit;
-use alloc::vec::Vec;
+use alloc::vec;
 
 static mut A: usize = 0;
 
@@ -44,9 +44,10 @@ pub fn main() -> i32 {
     assert_eq!(condvar_create() as usize, CONDVAR_ID);
     assert_eq!(mutex_blocking_create() as usize, MUTEX_ID);
     // create threads
-    let mut threads = Vec::new();
-    threads.push(thread_create(first as usize, 0));
-    threads.push(thread_create(second as usize, 0));
+    let threads = vec![
+        thread_create(first as usize, 0),
+        thread_create(second as usize, 0),
+    ];
     // wait for all threads to complete
     for thread in threads.iter() {
         waittid(*thread as usize);

user/src/bin/threads.rs

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ extern crate user_lib;
 extern crate alloc;
 
 use user_lib::{thread_create, waittid, exit};
-use alloc::vec::Vec;
+use alloc::vec;
 
 pub fn thread_a() -> ! {
     for _ in 0..1000 { print!("a"); }
@@ -25,10 +25,11 @@ pub fn thread_c() -> ! {
 
 #[no_mangle]
 pub fn main() -> i32 {
-    let mut v = Vec::new();
-    v.push(thread_create(thread_a as usize, 0));
-    v.push(thread_create(thread_b as usize, 0));
-    v.push(thread_create(thread_c as usize, 0));
+    let v = vec![
+        thread_create(thread_a as usize, 0),
+        thread_create(thread_b as usize, 0),
+        thread_create(thread_c as usize, 0),
+    ];
     for tid in v.iter() {
         let exit_code = waittid(*tid as usize);
         println!("thread#{} exited with code {}", tid, exit_code);

user/src/bin/threads_arg.rs

@@ -27,8 +27,8 @@ pub fn main() -> i32 {
         Argument { ch: 'b', rc: 2, },
         Argument { ch: 'c', rc: 3, },
     ]; 
-    for i in 0..3 {
-        v.push(thread_create(thread_print as usize, &args[i] as *const _ as usize));
+    for arg in args.iter() {
+        v.push(thread_create(thread_print as usize, arg as *const _ as usize));
     }
     for tid in v.iter() {
         let exit_code = waittid(*tid as usize);

user/src/bin/user_shell.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
+
 #![no_std]
 #![no_main]
+#![allow(clippy::println_empty_string)]
 
 extern crate alloc;
 
@@ -10,116 +12,191 @@ const LF: u8 = 0x0au8;
 const CR: u8 = 0x0du8;
 const DL: u8 = 0x7fu8;
 const BS: u8 = 0x08u8;
+const LINE_START: &str = ">> ";
 
 use alloc::string::String;
 use alloc::vec::Vec;
-use user_lib::{
-    fork,
-    exec,
-    waitpid,
-    open,
-    OpenFlags,
-    close,
-    dup,
-};
 use user_lib::console::getchar;
+use user_lib::{close, dup, exec, fork, open, pipe, waitpid, OpenFlags};
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+struct ProcessArguments {
+    input: String,
+    output: String,
+    args_copy: Vec<String>,
+    args_addr: Vec<*const u8>,
+}
+
+impl ProcessArguments {
+    pub fn new(command: &str) -> Self {
+        let args: Vec<_> = command.split(' ').collect();
+        let mut args_copy: Vec<String> = args
+            .iter()
+            .filter(|&arg| !arg.is_empty())
+            .map(|&arg| {
+                let mut string = String::new();
+                string.push_str(arg);
+                string.push('\0');
+                string
+            })
+            .collect();
+
+        // redirect input
+        let mut input = String::new();
+        if let Some((idx, _)) = args_copy
+            .iter()
+            .enumerate()
+            .find(|(_, arg)| arg.as_str() == "<\0")
+        {
+            input = args_copy[idx + 1].clone();
+            args_copy.drain(idx..=idx + 1);
+        }
+
+        // redirect output
+        let mut output = String::new();
+        if let Some((idx, _)) = args_copy
+            .iter()
+            .enumerate()
+            .find(|(_, arg)| arg.as_str() == ">\0")
+        {
+            output = args_copy[idx + 1].clone();
+            args_copy.drain(idx..=idx + 1);
+        }
+
+        let mut args_addr: Vec<*const u8> = args_copy.iter().map(|arg| arg.as_ptr()).collect();
+        args_addr.push(core::ptr::null::<u8>());
+
+        Self {
+            input,
+            output,
+            args_copy,
+            args_addr,
+        }
+    }
+}
 
 #[no_mangle]
 pub fn main() -> i32 {
     println!("Rust user shell");
     let mut line: String = String::new();
-    print!(">> ");
+    print!("{}", LINE_START);
     loop {
         let c = getchar();
         match c {
             LF | CR => {
                 println!("");
                 if !line.is_empty() {
-                    let args: Vec<_> = line.as_str().split(' ').collect();
-                    let mut args_copy: Vec<String> = args
-                    .iter()
-                    .map(|&arg| {
-                        let mut string = String::new();
-                        string.push_str(arg);
-                        string
-                    })
-                    .collect();
-
-                    args_copy
-                    .iter_mut()
-                    .for_each(|string| {
-                        string.push('\0');
-                    });
-
-                    // redirect input
-                    let mut input = String::new();
-                    if let Some((idx, _)) = args_copy
-                    .iter()
-                    .enumerate()
-                    .find(|(_, arg)| arg.as_str() == "<\0") {
-                        input = args_copy[idx + 1].clone();
-                        args_copy.drain(idx..=idx + 1);
-                    }
-
-                    // redirect output
-                    let mut output = String::new();
-                    if let Some((idx, _)) = args_copy
-                    .iter()
-                    .enumerate()
-                    .find(|(_, arg)| arg.as_str() == ">\0") {
-                        output = args_copy[idx + 1].clone();
-                        args_copy.drain(idx..=idx + 1);
-                    }
-
-                    let mut args_addr: Vec<*const u8> = args_copy
+                    let splited: Vec<_> = line.as_str().split('|').collect();
+                    let process_arguments_list: Vec<_> = splited
                         .iter()
-                        .map(|arg| arg.as_ptr())
+                        .map(|&cmd| ProcessArguments::new(cmd))
                         .collect();
-                    args_addr.push(0 as *const u8);
-                    let pid = fork();
-                    if pid == 0 {
-                        // input redirection
-                        if !input.is_empty() {
-                            let input_fd = open(input.as_str(), OpenFlags::RDONLY);
-                            if input_fd == -1 {
-                                println!("Error when opening file {}", input);
-                                return -4;
+                    let mut valid = true;
+                    for (i, process_args) in process_arguments_list.iter().enumerate() {
+                        if i == 0 {
+                            if !process_args.output.is_empty() {
+                                valid = false;
                             }
-                            let input_fd = input_fd as usize;
-                            close(0);
-                            assert_eq!(dup(input_fd), 0);
-                            close(input_fd);
-                        }
-                        // output redirection
-                        if !output.is_empty() {
-                            let output_fd = open(
-                                output.as_str(),
-                                OpenFlags::CREATE | OpenFlags::WRONLY
-                            );
-                            if output_fd == -1 {
-                                println!("Error when opening file {}", output);
-                                return -4;
+                        } else if i == process_arguments_list.len() - 1 {
+                            if !process_args.input.is_empty() {
+                                valid = false;
                             }
-                            let output_fd = output_fd as usize;
-                            close(1);
-                            assert_eq!(dup(output_fd), 1);
-                            close(output_fd);
+                        } else if !process_args.output.is_empty() || !process_args.input.is_empty()
+                        {
+                            valid = false;
                         }
-                        // child process
-                        if exec(args_copy[0].as_str(), args_addr.as_slice()) == -1 {
-                            println!("Error when executing!");
-                            return -4;
-                        }
-                        unreachable!();
+                    }
+                    if process_arguments_list.len() == 1 {
+                        valid = true;
+                    }
+                    if !valid {
+                        println!("Invalid command: Inputs/Outputs cannot be correctly binded!");
                     } else {
+                        // create pipes
+                        let mut pipes_fd: Vec<[usize; 2]> = Vec::new();
+                        if !process_arguments_list.is_empty() {
+                            for _ in 0..process_arguments_list.len() - 1 {
+                                let mut pipe_fd = [0usize; 2];
+                                pipe(&mut pipe_fd);
+                                pipes_fd.push(pipe_fd);
+                            }
+                        }
+                        let mut children: Vec<_> = Vec::new();
+                        for (i, process_argument) in process_arguments_list.iter().enumerate() {
+                            let pid = fork();
+                            if pid == 0 {
+                                let input = &process_argument.input;
+                                let output = &process_argument.output;
+                                let args_copy = &process_argument.args_copy;
+                                let args_addr = &process_argument.args_addr;
+                                // redirect input
+                                if !input.is_empty() {
+                                    let input_fd = open(input.as_str(), OpenFlags::RDONLY);
+                                    if input_fd == -1 {
+                                        println!("Error when opening file {}", input);
+                                        return -4;
+                                    }
+                                    let input_fd = input_fd as usize;
+                                    close(0);
+                                    assert_eq!(dup(input_fd), 0);
+                                    close(input_fd);
+                                }
+                                // redirect output
+                                if !output.is_empty() {
+                                    let output_fd = open(
+                                        output.as_str(),
+                                        OpenFlags::CREATE | OpenFlags::WRONLY,
+                                    );
+                                    if output_fd == -1 {
+                                        println!("Error when opening file {}", output);
+                                        return -4;
+                                    }
+                                    let output_fd = output_fd as usize;
+                                    close(1);
+                                    assert_eq!(dup(output_fd), 1);
+                                    close(output_fd);
+                                }
+                                // receive input from the previous process
+                                if i > 0 {
+                                    close(0);
+                                    let read_end = pipes_fd.get(i - 1).unwrap()[0];
+                                    assert_eq!(dup(read_end), 0);
+                                }
+                                // send output to the next process
+                                if i < process_arguments_list.len() - 1 {
+                                    close(1);
+                                    let write_end = pipes_fd.get(i).unwrap()[1];
+                                    assert_eq!(dup(write_end), 1);
+                                }
+                                // close all pipe ends inherited from the parent process
+                                for pipe_fd in pipes_fd.iter() {
+                                    close(pipe_fd[0]);
+                                    close(pipe_fd[1]);
+                                }
+                                // execute new application
+                                if exec(args_copy[0].as_str(), args_addr.as_slice()) == -1 {
+                                    println!("Error when executing!");
+                                    return -4;
+                                }
+                                unreachable!();
+                            } else {
+                                children.push(pid);
+                            }
+                        }
+                        for pipe_fd in pipes_fd.iter() {
+                            close(pipe_fd[0]);
+                            close(pipe_fd[1]);
+                        }
                         let mut exit_code: i32 = 0;
-                        let exit_pid = waitpid(pid as usize, &mut exit_code);
-                        assert_eq!(pid, exit_pid);
-                        println!("Shell: Process {} exited with code {}", pid, exit_code);
+                        for pid in children.into_iter() {
+                            let exit_pid = waitpid(pid as usize, &mut exit_code);
+                            assert_eq!(pid, exit_pid);
+                            //println!("Shell: Process {} exited with code {}", pid, exit_code);
+                        }
                     }
                     line.clear();
                 }
-                print!(">> ");
+                print!("{}", LINE_START);
             }
             BS | DL => {
                 if !line.is_empty() {
@@ -135,4 +212,5 @@ pub fn main() -> i32 {
             }
         }
     }
-}
+}
+

user/src/bin/usertests.rs

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ pub fn main() -> i32 {
         println!("Usertests: Running {}", test);
         let pid = fork();
         if pid == 0 {
-            exec(*test, &[0 as *const u8]);
+            exec(*test, &[core::ptr::null::<u8>()]);
             panic!("unreachable!");
         } else {
             let mut exit_code: i32 = Default::default();
@@ -37,4 +37,4 @@ pub fn main() -> i32 {
     }
     println!("Usertests passed!");
     0
-}
+}