Now we read ELF files instead of raw binaries

risc_v/src/test.rs

@@ -17,6 +17,8 @@ use crate::{cpu::{build_satp,
                       STACK_ADDR,
                       STACK_PAGES},
 			syscall::syscall_fs_read};
+use crate::elf;
+use crate::fs::BlockBuffer;
 
 pub fn test_block() {
 	// The bytes to read would usually come from the inode, but we are in an
@@ -145,3 +147,159 @@ pub fn test_block() {
 	println!();
 	kfree(buffer);
 }
+
+/// Test block will load raw binaries into memory to execute them. This function
+/// will load ELF files and try to execute them.
+pub fn test_elf() {
+	// The bytes to read would usually come from the inode, but we are in an
+	// interrupt context right now, so we cannot pause. Usually, this would be done
+	// by an exec system call.
+	let files_inode = 25u32;
+	let files_size = 14304;
+	let bytes_to_read = 1024 * 50;
+	let mut buffer = BlockBuffer::new(bytes_to_read);
+	// Read the file from the disk. I got the inode by mounting
+	// the harddrive as a loop on Linux and stat'ing the inode.
+	let bytes_read = syscall_fs_read(8, files_inode, buffer.get_mut(), bytes_to_read as u32, 0);
+	// After compiling our program, I manually looked and saw it was 18,360
+	// bytes. So, to make sure we got the right one, I do a manual check
+	// here.
+	if bytes_read != files_size {
+		println!(
+		         "Unable to load program at inode {}, which should be \
+				  {} bytes, got {}",
+				  files_inode,
+				  files_size,
+		         bytes_read
+		);
+		return;
+	}
+	// Let's get this program running!
+	// Everything is "page" based since we're going to map pages to
+	// user space. So, we need to know how many program pages we
+	// need. Each page is 4096 bytes.
+	let program_pages = (bytes_read / PAGE_SIZE) + 1;
+	let my_pid = unsafe { NEXT_PID + 1 };
+	let elf_hdr;
+	unsafe {
+		NEXT_PID += 1;
+		// Load the ELF
+		elf_hdr = (buffer.get() as *const elf::Header).as_ref().unwrap();
+	}
+	if elf_hdr.magic != elf::MAGIC {
+		println!("ELF magic didn't match.");
+		return;
+	}
+	if elf_hdr.machine != elf::MACHINE_RISCV {
+		println!("ELF loaded is not RISC-V.");
+		return;
+	}
+	if elf_hdr.obj_type != elf::TYPE_EXEC {
+		println!("ELF is not an executable.");
+		return;
+	}
+	let mut my_proc =
+		Process { frame:       zalloc(1) as *mut TrapFrame,
+					stack:       zalloc(STACK_PAGES),
+					pid:         my_pid,
+					root:        zalloc(1) as *mut Table,
+					state:       ProcessState::Running,
+					data:        ProcessData::zero(),
+					sleep_until: 0,
+					program:     zalloc(program_pages), };
+	// Map the program in the MMU.
+	let ptr = my_proc.program;
+	let table = unsafe { my_proc.root.as_mut().unwrap() };
+	unsafe {
+		let ph_tab = buffer.get().add(elf_hdr.phoff) as *const elf::ProgramHeader;
+		for i in 0..elf_hdr.phnum as usize {
+			let ph = ph_tab.add(i).as_ref().unwrap();
+			if ph.seg_type != elf::PH_SEG_TYPE_LOAD {
+				continue;
+			}
+			if ph.memsz == 0 {
+				continue;
+			}
+			memcpy(ptr.add(ph.off), buffer.get().add(ph.off), ph.memsz);
+			let pages = ph.memsz / PAGE_SIZE + 1;
+			for i in 0..pages {
+				let vaddr = ph.vaddr + i * PAGE_SIZE;
+				let paddr = ptr as usize + i * PAGE_SIZE;
+				map(
+					table,
+					vaddr,
+					paddr,
+					EntryBits::UserReadExecute.val(),
+					0,
+				);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	// This will map all of the program pages. Notice that in linker.lds in userspace
+	// we set the entry point address to 0x2000_0000. This is the same address as
+	// PROCESS_STARTING_ADDR, and they must match.
+	// Map the stack
+	let ptr = my_proc.stack as *mut u8;
+	for i in 0..STACK_PAGES {
+		let vaddr = STACK_ADDR + i * PAGE_SIZE;
+		let paddr = ptr as usize + i * PAGE_SIZE;
+		// We create the stack. We don't load a stack from the disk. This is why I don't
+		// need to make the stack executable.
+		map(
+			table,
+			vaddr,
+			paddr,
+			EntryBits::UserReadWrite.val(),
+			0,
+		);
+	}
+	// Set everything up in the trap frame
+	unsafe {
+		// The program counter is a virtual memory address and is loaded into mepc
+		// when we execute mret.
+		(*my_proc.frame).pc = elf_hdr.entry_addr;
+		// Stack pointer. The stack starts at the bottom and works its way up, so we have to
+		// set the stack pointer to the bottom.
+		(*my_proc.frame).regs[2] =
+			STACK_ADDR as usize + STACK_PAGES * PAGE_SIZE;
+		// USER MODE! This is how we set what'll go into mstatus when we run the process.
+		(*my_proc.frame).mode = CpuMode::User as usize;
+		(*my_proc.frame).pid = my_proc.pid as usize;
+		// The SATP register is used for the MMU, so we need to
+		// map our table into that register. The switch_to_user
+		// function will load .satp into the actual register
+		// when the time comes.
+		(*my_proc.frame).satp =
+			build_satp(
+						SatpMode::Sv39,
+						my_proc.pid as usize,
+						my_proc.root as usize,
+			);
+	}
+	// The ASID field of the SATP register is only 16-bits, and we reserved
+	// 0 for the kernel, even though we run the kernel in machine mode for now.
+	// Since we don't reuse PIDs, this means that we can only spawn 65534 processes.
+	satp_fence_asid(my_pid as usize);
+	// I took a different tact here than in process.rs. In there I created the process
+	// while holding onto the process list. It doesn't really matter since this is synchronous,
+	// but it might get dicey 
+	if let Some(mut pl) = unsafe { PROCESS_LIST.take() } {
+		// As soon as we push this process on the list, it'll be schedule-able.
+		println!(
+			"Added user process to the scheduler...get \
+				ready for take-off!"
+		);
+		pl.push_back(my_proc);
+		unsafe {
+			PROCESS_LIST.replace(pl);
+		}
+	}
+	else {
+		println!("Unable to spawn process.");
+		// Since my_proc couldn't enter the process list, it
+		// will be dropped and all of the associated allocations
+		// will be deallocated.
+	}
+	println!();
+}
+

risc_v/src/userspace/Makefile

@@ -12,8 +12,8 @@ PROGS=$(patsubst %.cpp,%,$(SOURCES))
 
 all: $(OUT)
 
-%.elf:%.cpp Makefile
-	$(CROSS)$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $(LINKER_SCRIPT) $(INCLUDES) $(LIBS) -o $@ $< $(LIB)
+%.elf:%.cpp Makefile startlib/linker.lds startlib/*.h
+	$(CROSS)$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $(INCLUDES) $(LIBS) -o $@ $< $(LIB)
 	$(CROSS)$(OBJCOPY) -O binary $@ $@.bin
 	mv $@.bin $(basename $@)
 

risc_v/src/userspace/startlib/linker.lds

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ MEMORY
 PHDRS
 {
   text PT_LOAD;
+  rodata PT_LOAD;
   data PT_LOAD;
   bss PT_LOAD;
 }
@@ -26,10 +27,9 @@ SECTIONS
     PROVIDE(_rodata_start = .);
     *(.rodata .rodata.*)
     PROVIDE(_rodata_end = .);
-  } >ram AT>ram :text
+  } >ram AT>ram :rodata
 
   .data : {
-    . = ALIGN(4096);
     PROVIDE(_data_start = .);
     *(.sdata .sdata.*) *(.data .data.*)
     PROVIDE(_data_end = .);