Relays: Message and SharedMessage; messagebus_derive

Cargo.toml

@@ -11,19 +11,22 @@ exclude = [".gitignore", ".cargo/config", ".github/**", "codecov.yml"]
 edition = "2018"
 
 [dependencies]
+messagebus_derive = { path = "./derive" }
 tokio = { version = "1", features = ["parking_lot", "rt-multi-thread", "sync"] }
-parking_lot = "0.11.1"
-async-trait = "0.1.42"
-futures = "0.3.8"
-smallvec = "1.6.1"
-log = "0.4.14"
-sharded-slab = "0.1.1"
-thiserror = "1.0.25"
-erased-serde = "0.3.16"
-serde = "1.0.126"
-serde_derive = "1.0.126"
+parking_lot = "0.11"
+async-trait = "0.1"
+futures = "0.3"
+smallvec = "1.6"
+log = "0.4"
+sharded-slab = "0.1"
+thiserror = "1"
+erased-serde = "0.3"
+serde = "1"
+serde_derive = "1"
+
 
 [dev-dependencies]
 anyhow = "1.0.41"
 env_logger = "0.8.4"
+serde_json = "1.0.64"
 tokio = { version = "1", features = ["macros", "parking_lot", "rt-multi-thread", "io-util", "sync"] }

derive/Cargo.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+[package]
+name = "messagebus_derive"
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2018"
+
+[lib]
+proc-macro = true
+
+[dependencies]
+proc-macro2 = "1"
+quote = "1"
+syn = "1"

derive/src/lib.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,204 @@
+#![recursion_limit="128"]
+
+extern crate proc_macro;
+
+use proc_macro::TokenStream;
+use proc_macro2::TokenTree;
+use syn::{LitStr, Result, parenthesized};
+use syn::{DeriveInput, parse_macro_input, punctuated::Punctuated, token::Comma};
+use syn::parse::{Parse, ParseStream, Parser};
+use quote::quote;
+
+fn shared_part(_: &syn::Ident, has_shared: bool) -> proc_macro2::TokenStream {
+    if has_shared {
+        quote! {
+            fn as_shared_ref(&self) -> std::option::Option<&dyn messagebus::SharedMessage> {Some(self)}
+            fn as_shared_mut(&mut self) -> std::option::Option<&mut dyn messagebus::SharedMessage>{Some(self)}
+            fn as_shared_boxed(self: std::boxed::Box<Self>) -> Option<std::boxed::Box<dyn messagebus::SharedMessage>>{Some(self)}
+            fn as_shared_arc(self: std::sync::Arc<Self>) -> Option<std::sync::Arc<dyn messagebus::SharedMessage>>{Some(self)}
+        }
+    } else {
+        quote! {
+            fn as_shared_ref(&self) -> std::option::Option<&dyn messagebus::SharedMessage> {None}
+            fn as_shared_mut(&mut self) -> std::option::Option<&mut dyn messagebus::SharedMessage>{None}
+            fn as_shared_boxed(self: std::boxed::Box<Self>) -> Option<std::boxed::Box<dyn messagebus::SharedMessage>>{None}
+            fn as_shared_arc(self: std::sync::Arc<Self>) -> Option<std::sync::Arc<dyn messagebus::SharedMessage>>{None}
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn clone_part(name: &syn::Ident, has_clone: bool) -> proc_macro2::TokenStream {
+    if has_clone {
+        quote! {
+            fn try_clone_into(&self, into: &mut dyn core::any::Any) -> bool {
+                let into = if let Some(inner) = into.downcast_mut::<Option<#name>>() {
+                    inner
+                } else {
+                    return false;
+                };
+    
+                into.replace(self.clone());
+                true
+            }
+            fn try_clone_boxed(&self) -> std::option::Option<std::boxed::Box<dyn messagebus::Message>>{
+                Some(Box::new(self.clone()))
+            }
+        }
+    } else {
+        quote! {
+            fn try_clone_into(&self, into: &mut dyn core::any::Any) -> bool {false}
+            fn try_clone_boxed(&self) -> std::option::Option<std::boxed::Box<dyn messagebus::Message>>{ None }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn type_tag_part(name: &syn::Ident, type_tag: Option<LitStr>) -> proc_macro2::TokenStream {
+    if let Some(type_tag) = type_tag {
+        quote! {
+            impl messagebus::TypeTagged for #name {
+                fn type_tag_() -> messagebus::TypeTag { #type_tag.into() }
+                fn type_tag(&self) -> messagebus::TypeTag {  #type_tag.into() }
+                fn type_name(&self) -> std::borrow::Cow<str> {  #type_tag.into() }
+            }
+        }
+    } else {
+        quote! {
+            impl messagebus::TypeTagged for #name {
+                fn type_tag_() -> messagebus::TypeTag { std::any::type_name::<Self>().into() }
+                fn type_tag(&self) -> messagebus::TypeTag { std::any::type_name::<Self>().into() }
+                fn type_name(&self) -> std::borrow::Cow<str> { std::any::type_name::<Self>().into() }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+struct TypeTag {
+    pub inner: syn::LitStr,
+}
+
+impl Parse for TypeTag {
+    fn parse(input: ParseStream) -> Result<Self> {
+        let mut inner = None;
+        let content;
+        parenthesized!(content in input);
+        let punctuated = Punctuated::<syn::LitStr, Comma>::parse_terminated(&content)?;
+
+        for pair in punctuated.pairs() {
+            inner = Some(pair.into_value());
+            break;
+        } 
+
+        Ok(TypeTag { inner: inner.unwrap().to_owned() })
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Default)]
+struct Tags {
+    has_clone: bool,
+    has_shared: bool,
+}
+
+impl Tags {
+    pub fn add(&mut self, other: Tags) {
+        self.has_clone = self.has_clone || other.has_clone;
+        self.has_shared = self.has_shared || other.has_shared;
+    }
+}
+
+impl Parse for Tags {
+    fn parse(input: ParseStream) -> Result<Self> {
+        let mut has_shared = false;
+        let mut has_clone = false;
+        
+        let content;
+        parenthesized!(content in input);
+        let punctuated = Punctuated::<syn::Ident, Comma>::parse_terminated(&content)?;
+
+        for pair in punctuated.pairs() {
+            match pair.into_value().to_string().as_str() {
+                "shared" => has_shared = true,
+                "clone" => has_clone = true,
+                _ => ()
+            }
+        } 
+
+        Ok(Tags {
+            has_clone,
+            has_shared,
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+#[proc_macro_derive(Message, attributes(type_tag, message))]
+pub fn derive_message(input: TokenStream) -> TokenStream {
+    let mut tags = Tags::default();
+    let mut type_tag = None;
+
+    let ast: DeriveInput = syn::parse(input).unwrap();
+    let name = &ast.ident;
+    let attrs = ast.attrs;
+    for attr in attrs {
+        if let Some(i) = attr.path.get_ident() {
+            match i.to_string().as_str() {
+                "message" => {
+                    let tt: Tags = syn::parse2(attr.tokens).unwrap();
+                    tags.add(tt);
+                }
+
+                "type_tag" => {
+                    let tt: TypeTag = syn::parse2(attr.tokens).unwrap();
+                    type_tag = Some(tt.inner);
+                }
+
+                _ => ()
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    let type_tag_part = type_tag_part(name, type_tag);
+    let shared_part = shared_part(name, false);
+    let clone_part = clone_part(name, false);
+
+    let tokens = quote! {
+        #type_tag_part
+
+        impl messagebus::Message for #name {
+            fn as_any_ref(&self) -> &dyn core::any::Any {self}
+            fn as_any_mut(&mut self) -> &mut dyn core::any::Any {self}
+            fn as_any_boxed(self: std::boxed::Box<Self>) -> std::boxed::Box<dyn core::any::Any> {self}
+            fn as_any_arc(self: std::sync::Arc<Self>) -> std::sync::Arc<dyn core::any::Any> {self}
+
+            #shared_part
+            #clone_part
+        }
+    };
+
+    tokens.into()
+}
+
+#[proc_macro_derive(Error, attributes(type_tag))]
+pub fn derive_error(input: TokenStream) -> TokenStream {
+    let mut type_tag = None;
+    let ast: DeriveInput = syn::parse(input).unwrap();
+    let name = &ast.ident;
+    for attr in ast.attrs {
+        if let Some(i) = attr.path.get_ident() {
+            match i.to_string().as_str() {
+                "type_tag" => {
+                    let tt: TypeTag = syn::parse2(attr.tokens).unwrap();
+                    type_tag = Some(tt.inner);
+                }
+
+                _ => ()
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    let type_tag_part = type_tag_part(name, type_tag);
+    
+    let tokens = quote! {
+        #type_tag_part
+    };
+
+    tokens.into()
+}

examples/demo_async.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 use async_trait::async_trait;
-use messagebus::{error, AsyncHandler, Bus, Handler, Message};
+use messagebus::{derive::Message, error, AsyncHandler, Bus, Handler, Message, TypeTagged};
 use thiserror::Error;
 
-#[derive(Debug, Error)]
+#[derive(Debug, Error, messagebus::derive::Error)]
 enum Error {
     #[error("Error({0})")]
     Error(anyhow::Error),
@@ -17,15 +17,35 @@ impl<M: Message> From<error::Error<M>> for Error {
 struct TmpReceiver;
 struct TmpReceiver2;
 
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Message)]
+#[message(clone)]
+struct MsgF32(f32);
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Message)]
+#[message(clone)]
+struct MsgU16(u16);
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Message)]
+#[message(clone)]
+struct MsgU32(u32);
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Message)]
+#[message(clone)]
+struct MsgI32(i32);
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Message)]
+#[message(clone)]
+struct MsgI16(i16);
+
 #[async_trait]
-impl AsyncHandler<f32> for TmpReceiver {
+impl AsyncHandler<MsgF32> for TmpReceiver {
     type Error = Error;
     type Response = ();
 
-    async fn handle(&self, msg: f32, bus: &Bus) -> Result<Self::Response, Self::Error> {
-        bus.send(1u16).await?;
+    async fn handle(&self, msg: MsgF32, bus: &Bus) -> Result<Self::Response, Self::Error> {
+        bus.send(MsgU16(1)).await?;
 
-        println!("TmpReceiver ---> f32 {}", msg);
+        println!("TmpReceiver ---> {:?} {}", msg, msg.type_tag());
 
         Ok(())
     }
@@ -38,13 +58,13 @@ impl AsyncHandler<f32> for TmpReceiver {
 }
 
 #[async_trait]
-impl AsyncHandler<u16> for TmpReceiver {
+impl AsyncHandler<MsgU16> for TmpReceiver {
     type Error = Error;
     type Response = ();
 
-    async fn handle(&self, msg: u16, bus: &Bus) -> Result<Self::Response, Self::Error> {
-        bus.send(2u32).await?;
-        println!("TmpReceiver ---> u16 {}", msg);
+    async fn handle(&self, msg: MsgU16, bus: &Bus) -> Result<Self::Response, Self::Error> {
+        bus.send(MsgU32(2)).await?;
+        println!("TmpReceiver ---> {:?}", msg);
 
         Ok(())
     }
@@ -57,13 +77,13 @@ impl AsyncHandler<u16> for TmpReceiver {
 }
 
 #[async_trait]
-impl AsyncHandler<u32> for TmpReceiver {
+impl AsyncHandler<MsgU32> for TmpReceiver {
     type Error = Error;
     type Response = ();
 
-    async fn handle(&self, msg: u32, bus: &Bus) -> Result<Self::Response, Self::Error> {
-        bus.send(3i32).await?;
-        println!("TmpReceiver ---> u32 {}", msg);
+    async fn handle(&self, msg: MsgU32, bus: &Bus) -> Result<Self::Response, Self::Error> {
+        bus.send(MsgI32(3)).await?;
+        println!("TmpReceiver ---> {:?}", msg);
 
         Ok(())
     }
@@ -75,13 +95,13 @@ impl AsyncHandler<u32> for TmpReceiver {
 }
 
 #[async_trait]
-impl AsyncHandler<i32> for TmpReceiver {
+impl AsyncHandler<MsgI32> for TmpReceiver {
     type Error = Error;
     type Response = ();
 
-    async fn handle(&self, msg: i32, bus: &Bus) -> Result<Self::Response, Self::Error> {
-        bus.send(4i16).await?;
-        println!("TmpReceiver ---> i32 {}", msg);
+    async fn handle(&self, msg: MsgI32, bus: &Bus) -> Result<Self::Response, Self::Error> {
+        bus.send(MsgI16(4)).await?;
+        println!("TmpReceiver ---> {:?}", msg);
 
         Ok(())
     }
@@ -94,12 +114,12 @@ impl AsyncHandler<i32> for TmpReceiver {
 }
 
 #[async_trait]
-impl AsyncHandler<i16> for TmpReceiver {
+impl AsyncHandler<MsgI16> for TmpReceiver {
     type Error = Error;
     type Response = ();
 
-    async fn handle(&self, msg: i16, _bus: &Bus) -> Result<Self::Response, Self::Error> {
-        println!("TmpReceiver ---> i16 {}", msg);
+    async fn handle(&self, msg: MsgI16, _bus: &Bus) -> Result<Self::Response, Self::Error> {
+        println!("TmpReceiver ---> {:?}", msg);
 
         Ok(())
     }
@@ -111,14 +131,14 @@ impl AsyncHandler<i16> for TmpReceiver {
 }
 
 #[async_trait]
-impl AsyncHandler<i32> for TmpReceiver2 {
+impl AsyncHandler<MsgI32> for TmpReceiver2 {
     type Error = Error;
     type Response = ();
 
-    async fn handle(&self, msg: i32, bus: &Bus) -> Result<Self::Response, Self::Error> {
-        println!("!!!! TmpReceiver2: ---> 2 i32 {}", msg);
+    async fn handle(&self, msg: MsgI32, bus: &Bus) -> Result<Self::Response, Self::Error> {
+        println!("TmpReceiver2: ---> {:?}", msg);
 
-        bus.send(5i16).await?;
+        bus.send(MsgI16(5)).await?;
 
         Ok(())
     }
@@ -129,12 +149,12 @@ impl AsyncHandler<i32> for TmpReceiver2 {
     }
 }
 
-impl Handler<i16> for TmpReceiver2 {
+impl Handler<MsgI16> for TmpReceiver2 {
     type Error = Error;
     type Response = ();
 
-    fn handle(&self, msg: i16, _bus: &Bus) -> Result<Self::Response, Self::Error> {
-        println!("TmpReceiver2: ---> 2 i16 {}", msg);
+    fn handle(&self, msg: MsgI16, _bus: &Bus) -> Result<Self::Response, Self::Error> {
+        println!("TmpReceiver2: ---> {:?}", msg);
 
         Ok(())
     }
@@ -152,19 +172,19 @@ async fn main() {
 
     let (b, poller) = Bus::build()
         .register(TmpReceiver)
-            .subscribe_async::<f32>(8, Default::default())
-            .subscribe_async::<u16>(8, Default::default())
-            .subscribe_async::<u32>(8, Default::default())
-            .subscribe_async::<i32>(8, Default::default())
-            .subscribe_async::<i16>(8, Default::default())
+        .subscribe_async::<MsgF32>(8, Default::default())
+        .subscribe_async::<MsgU16>(8, Default::default())
+        .subscribe_async::<MsgU32>(8, Default::default())
+        .subscribe_async::<MsgI32>(8, Default::default())
+        .subscribe_async::<MsgI16>(8, Default::default())
         .done()
         .register(TmpReceiver2)
-            .subscribe_async::<i32>(8, Default::default())
-            .subscribe_sync::<i16>(8, Default::default())
+        .subscribe_async::<MsgI32>(8, Default::default())
+        .subscribe_sync::<MsgI16>(8, Default::default())
         .done()
         .build();
 
-    b.send(0f32).await.unwrap();
+    b.send(MsgF32(0.)).await.unwrap();
 
     println!("flush");
     b.flush().await;

examples/demo_backpressure.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,11 @@
 use async_trait::async_trait;
-use messagebus::{error, receivers, AsyncHandler, Bus, Message};
+use messagebus::{
+    derive::{Error as MbError, Message},
+    error, receivers, AsyncHandler, Bus, Message,
+};
 use thiserror::Error;
 
-#[derive(Debug, Error)]
+#[derive(Debug, Error, MbError)]
 enum Error {
     #[error("Error({0})")]
     Error(anyhow::Error),
@@ -14,15 +17,18 @@ impl<M: Message> From<error::Error<M>> for Error {
     }
 }
 
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Message)]
+struct MsgF32(pub f32);
+
 struct TmpReceiver;
 
 #[async_trait]
-impl AsyncHandler<f32> for TmpReceiver {
+impl AsyncHandler<MsgF32> for TmpReceiver {
     type Error = Error;
     type Response = ();
 
-    async fn handle(&self, msg: f32, _bus: &Bus) -> Result<Self::Response, Self::Error> {
-        println!("---> f32 {}", msg);
+    async fn handle(&self, msg: MsgF32, _bus: &Bus) -> Result<Self::Response, Self::Error> {
+        println!("---> f32 {:?}", msg);
 
         std::thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_secs(1));
 
@@ -35,42 +41,48 @@ impl AsyncHandler<f32> for TmpReceiver {
 async fn main() {
     let (b, poller) = Bus::build()
         .register(TmpReceiver)
-            .subscribe_async::<f32>(1, receivers::BufferUnorderedConfig { buffer_size: 1, max_parallel: 1 })
+        .subscribe_async::<MsgF32>(
+            1,
+            receivers::BufferUnorderedConfig {
+                buffer_size: 1,
+                max_parallel: 1,
+            },
+        )
         .done()
         .build();
 
     println!("sending 1");
-    b.send(32f32).await.unwrap();
+    b.send(MsgF32(32f32)).await.unwrap();
 
     println!("sending 2");
-    b.send(32f32).await.unwrap();
+    b.send(MsgF32(32f32)).await.unwrap();
 
     println!("sending 3");
-    b.send(32f32).await.unwrap();
+    b.send(MsgF32(32f32)).await.unwrap();
 
     println!("sending 4");
-    b.send(32f32).await.unwrap();
+    b.send(MsgF32(32f32)).await.unwrap();
 
     println!("sending 5");
-    b.send(32f32).await.unwrap();
+    b.send(MsgF32(32f32)).await.unwrap();
 
     println!("sending 6");
-    b.send(32f32).await.unwrap();
+    b.send(MsgF32(32f32)).await.unwrap();
 
     println!("sending 7");
-    b.send(32f32).await.unwrap();
+    b.send(MsgF32(32f32)).await.unwrap();
 
     println!("sending 8");
-    b.send(32f32).await.unwrap();
+    b.send(MsgF32(32f32)).await.unwrap();
 
     println!("sending 9");
-    b.send(32f32).await.unwrap();
+    b.send(MsgF32(32f32)).await.unwrap();
 
     println!("sending 10");
-    b.send(32f32).await.unwrap();
+    b.send(MsgF32(32f32)).await.unwrap();
 
     println!("sending 11");
-    b.send(32f32).await.unwrap();
+    b.send(MsgF32(32f32)).await.unwrap();
 
     println!("flush");
     b.flush().await;

examples/demo_batch.rs

@@ -1,10 +1,13 @@
 use std::sync::Arc;
 
 use async_trait::async_trait;
-use messagebus::{error, AsyncBatchHandler, BatchHandler, Bus, Message};
+use messagebus::{
+    derive::{Error as MbError, Message},
+    error, AsyncBatchHandler, BatchHandler, Bus, Message,
+};
 use thiserror::Error;
 
-#[derive(Debug, Error, Clone)]
+#[derive(Debug, Error, Clone, MbError)]
 enum Error {
     #[error("Error({0})")]
     Error(Arc<anyhow::Error>),
@@ -15,29 +18,42 @@ impl<M: Message> From<error::Error<M>> for Error {
         Self::Error(Arc::new(err.into()))
     }
 }
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Message)]
+#[message(clone)]
+struct MsgI32(i32);
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Message)]
+#[message(clone)]
+struct MsgI16(i16);
+
 struct TmpReceiver;
 
 #[async_trait]
-impl AsyncBatchHandler<i32> for TmpReceiver {
+impl AsyncBatchHandler<MsgI32> for TmpReceiver {
     type Error = Error;
     type Response = ();
-    type InBatch = Vec<i32>;
+    type InBatch = Vec<MsgI32>;
     type OutBatch = Vec<()>;
 
-    async fn handle(&self, msg: Vec<i32>, _bus: &Bus) -> Result<Vec<Self::Response>, Self::Error> {
+    async fn handle(
+        &self,
+        msg: Vec<MsgI32>,
+        _bus: &Bus,
+    ) -> Result<Vec<Self::Response>, Self::Error> {
         println!("---> [i32; {}] {:?}", msg.len(), msg);
 
         Ok(vec![])
     }
 }
 
-impl BatchHandler<i16> for TmpReceiver {
+impl BatchHandler<MsgI16> for TmpReceiver {
     type Error = Error;
     type Response = ();
-    type InBatch = Vec<i16>;
+    type InBatch = Vec<MsgI16>;
     type OutBatch = Vec<()>;
 
-    fn handle(&self, msg: Vec<i16>, _bus: &Bus) -> Result<Vec<Self::Response>, Self::Error> {
+    fn handle(&self, msg: Vec<MsgI16>, _bus: &Bus) -> Result<Vec<Self::Response>, Self::Error> {
         println!("---> [i16; {}] {:?}", msg.len(), msg);
         Ok(vec![])
     }
@@ -47,22 +63,22 @@ impl BatchHandler<i16> for TmpReceiver {
 async fn main() {
     let (b, poller) = Bus::build()
         .register(TmpReceiver)
-            .subscribe_batch_async::<i32>(16, Default::default())
-            .subscribe_batch_sync::<i16>(16, Default::default())
+        .subscribe_batch_async::<MsgI32>(16, Default::default())
+        .subscribe_batch_sync::<MsgI16>(16, Default::default())
         .done()
         .build();
 
     for i in 1..100i32 {
-        b.send(i).await.unwrap();
+        b.send(MsgI32(i)).await.unwrap();
     }
 
-    b.send(1i16).await.unwrap();
-    b.send(2i16).await.unwrap();
-    b.send(3i16).await.unwrap();
-    b.send(4i16).await.unwrap();
-    b.send(5i16).await.unwrap();
-    b.send(6i16).await.unwrap();
-    b.send(7i16).await.unwrap();
+    b.send(MsgI16(1i16)).await.unwrap();
+    b.send(MsgI16(2i16)).await.unwrap();
+    b.send(MsgI16(3i16)).await.unwrap();
+    b.send(MsgI16(4i16)).await.unwrap();
+    b.send(MsgI16(5i16)).await.unwrap();
+    b.send(MsgI16(6i16)).await.unwrap();
+    b.send(MsgI16(7i16)).await.unwrap();
 
     println!("flush");
     b.flush().await;

examples/demo_boxed.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,211 @@
+use async_trait::async_trait;
+use messagebus::{
+    derive::{Error as MbError, Message},
+    error, AsyncHandler, Bus, Handler, Message,
+};
+use thiserror::Error;
+
+#[derive(Debug, Error, MbError)]
+enum Error {
+    #[error("Error({0})")]
+    Error(anyhow::Error),
+}
+
+impl<M: Message> From<error::Error<M>> for Error {
+    fn from(err: error::Error<M>) -> Self {
+        Self::Error(err.into())
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Message)]
+#[message(clone)]
+struct MsgF32(f32);
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Message)]
+#[message(clone)]
+struct MsgU16(u16);
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Message)]
+#[message(clone)]
+struct MsgU32(u32);
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Message)]
+#[message(clone)]
+struct MsgI32(i32);
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Message)]
+#[message(clone)]
+struct MsgI16(i16);
+
+struct TmpReceiver;
+struct TmpReceiver2;
+
+#[async_trait]
+impl AsyncHandler<MsgF32> for TmpReceiver {
+    type Error = Error;
+    type Response = ();
+
+    async fn handle(&self, msg: MsgF32, bus: &Bus) -> Result<Self::Response, Self::Error> {
+        bus.send(MsgU16(1u16)).await?;
+
+        println!("TmpReceiver ---> {:?}", msg);
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    async fn sync(&self, _bus: &Bus) -> Result<(), Self::Error> {
+        println!("TmpReceiver f32: sync");
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+#[async_trait]
+impl AsyncHandler<MsgU16> for TmpReceiver {
+    type Error = Error;
+    type Response = ();
+
+    async fn handle(&self, msg: MsgU16, bus: &Bus) -> Result<Self::Response, Self::Error> {
+        bus.send(MsgU32(2u32)).await?;
+        println!("TmpReceiver ---> {:?}", msg);
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    async fn sync(&self, _bus: &Bus) -> Result<(), Self::Error> {
+        println!("TmpReceiver u16: sync");
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+#[async_trait]
+impl AsyncHandler<MsgU32> for TmpReceiver {
+    type Error = Error;
+    type Response = ();
+
+    async fn handle(&self, msg: MsgU32, bus: &Bus) -> Result<Self::Response, Self::Error> {
+        bus.send(MsgI32(3i32)).await?;
+        println!("TmpReceiver ---> {:?}", msg);
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+    async fn sync(&self, _bus: &Bus) -> Result<(), Self::Error> {
+        println!("TmpReceiver u32: sync");
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+#[async_trait]
+impl AsyncHandler<MsgI32> for TmpReceiver {
+    type Error = Error;
+    type Response = ();
+
+    async fn handle(&self, msg: MsgI32, bus: &Bus) -> Result<Self::Response, Self::Error> {
+        bus.send(MsgI16(4i16)).await?;
+        println!("TmpReceiver ---> {:?}", msg);
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    async fn sync(&self, _bus: &Bus) -> Result<(), Self::Error> {
+        println!("TmpReceiver i32: sync");
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+#[async_trait]
+impl AsyncHandler<MsgI16> for TmpReceiver {
+    type Error = Error;
+    type Response = ();
+
+    async fn handle(&self, msg: MsgI16, _bus: &Bus) -> Result<Self::Response, Self::Error> {
+        println!("TmpReceiver ---> {:?}", msg);
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+    async fn sync(&self, _bus: &Bus) -> Result<(), Self::Error> {
+        println!("TmpReceiver i16: sync");
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+#[async_trait]
+impl AsyncHandler<MsgI32> for TmpReceiver2 {
+    type Error = Error;
+    type Response = ();
+
+    async fn handle(&self, msg: MsgI32, bus: &Bus) -> Result<Self::Response, Self::Error> {
+        println!("TmpReceiver2: ---> {:?}", msg);
+
+        bus.send(MsgI16(5i16)).await?;
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+    async fn sync(&self, _bus: &Bus) -> Result<(), Self::Error> {
+        println!("TmpReceiver2: i32: sync");
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+impl Handler<MsgI16> for TmpReceiver2 {
+    type Error = Error;
+    type Response = ();
+
+    fn handle(&self, msg: MsgI16, _bus: &Bus) -> Result<Self::Response, Self::Error> {
+        println!("TmpReceiver2: ---> {:?}", msg);
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    fn sync(&self, _bus: &Bus) -> Result<(), Self::Error> {
+        println!("TmpReceiver2: i16: sync");
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+#[tokio::main]
+async fn main() {
+    env_logger::init();
+
+    let (b, poller) = Bus::build()
+        .register(TmpReceiver)
+        .subscribe_async::<MsgF32>(8, Default::default())
+        .subscribe_async::<MsgU16>(8, Default::default())
+        .subscribe_async::<MsgU32>(8, Default::default())
+        .subscribe_async::<MsgI32>(8, Default::default())
+        .subscribe_async::<MsgI16>(8, Default::default())
+        .done()
+        .register(TmpReceiver2)
+        .subscribe_async::<MsgI32>(8, Default::default())
+        .subscribe_sync::<MsgI16>(8, Default::default())
+        .done()
+        .build();
+
+    b.send(MsgF32(0f32)).await.unwrap();
+    println!("flush");
+
+    b.flush().await;
+
+    println!("sending boxed variant");
+
+    b.send_boxed(Box::new(MsgF32(0f32)), Default::default())
+        .await
+        .unwrap();
+
+    println!("flush");
+    b.flush().await;
+
+    println!("close");
+    b.close().await;
+
+    println!("closed");
+
+    poller.await;
+    println!("[done]");
+}

examples/demo_req_resp.rs

@@ -2,12 +2,13 @@ use core::f32;
 
 use async_trait::async_trait;
 use messagebus::{
+    derive::Message,
     error::{self, StdSyncSendError},
     AsyncHandler, Bus, Message,
 };
 use thiserror::Error;
 
-#[derive(Debug, Error)]
+#[derive(Debug, Error, messagebus::derive::Error)]
 enum Error {
     #[error("Error({0})")]
     Error(anyhow::Error),
@@ -19,19 +20,55 @@ impl<M: Message, E: StdSyncSendError> From<error::Error<M, E>> for Error {
     }
 }
 
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Message)]
+#[message(clone)]
+struct MsgF64(pub f64);
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Message)]
+#[message(clone)]
+struct MsgF32(pub f32);
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Message)]
+#[message(clone)]
+struct MsgI32(pub i32);
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Message)]
+#[message(clone)]
+struct MsgU32(pub u32);
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Message)]
+#[message(clone)]
+struct MsgU16(pub u16);
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Message)]
+#[message(clone)]
+struct MsgI16(pub i16);
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Message)]
+#[message(clone)]
+struct MsgU8(pub u8);
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Message)]
+#[message(clone)]
+struct MsgI8(pub i8);
+
 struct TmpReceiver1;
 struct TmpReceiver2;
 
 #[async_trait]
-impl AsyncHandler<i32> for TmpReceiver1 {
+impl AsyncHandler<MsgI32> for TmpReceiver1 {
     type Error = Error;
-    type Response = f32;
+    type Response = MsgF32;
 
-    async fn handle(&self, msg: i32, bus: &Bus) -> Result<Self::Response, Self::Error> {
-        let resp1 = bus.request::<_, f32>(10i16, Default::default()).await?;
-        let resp2 = bus.request::<_, f32>(20u16, Default::default()).await?;
+    async fn handle(&self, msg: MsgI32, bus: &Bus) -> Result<Self::Response, Self::Error> {
+        let resp1 = bus
+            .request::<_, MsgF32>(MsgI16(10i16), Default::default())
+            .await?;
+        let resp2 = bus
+            .request::<_, MsgF32>(MsgU16(20u16), Default::default())
+            .await?;
 
-        Ok(msg as f32 + resp1 + resp2)
+        Ok(MsgF32(msg.0 as f32 + resp1.0 + resp2.0))
     }
 
     async fn sync(&self, _bus: &Bus) -> Result<(), Self::Error> {
@@ -42,12 +79,12 @@ impl AsyncHandler<i32> for TmpReceiver1 {
 }
 
 #[async_trait]
-impl AsyncHandler<u32> for TmpReceiver1 {
+impl AsyncHandler<MsgU32> for TmpReceiver1 {
     type Error = Error;
-    type Response = f32;
+    type Response = MsgF32;
 
-    async fn handle(&self, msg: u32, _bus: &Bus) -> Result<Self::Response, Self::Error> {
-        Ok(msg as f32)
+    async fn handle(&self, msg: MsgU32, _bus: &Bus) -> Result<Self::Response, Self::Error> {
+        Ok(MsgF32(msg.0 as _))
     }
     async fn sync(&self, _bus: &Bus) -> Result<(), Self::Error> {
         println!("TmpReceiver1 u32: sync");
@@ -57,15 +94,19 @@ impl AsyncHandler<u32> for TmpReceiver1 {
 }
 
 #[async_trait]
-impl AsyncHandler<i16> for TmpReceiver1 {
+impl AsyncHandler<MsgI16> for TmpReceiver1 {
     type Error = Error;
-    type Response = f32;
+    type Response = MsgF32;
 
-    async fn handle(&self, msg: i16, bus: &Bus) -> Result<Self::Response, Self::Error> {
-        let resp1 = bus.request::<_, f32>(1i8, Default::default()).await?;
-        let resp2 = bus.request::<_, f32>(2u8, Default::default()).await?;
+    async fn handle(&self, msg: MsgI16, bus: &Bus) -> Result<Self::Response, Self::Error> {
+        let resp1 = bus
+            .request::<_, MsgF32>(MsgI8(1i8), Default::default())
+            .await?;
+        let resp2 = bus
+            .request::<_, MsgF32>(MsgU8(2u8), Default::default())
+            .await?;
 
-        Ok(msg as f32 + resp1 + resp2)
+        Ok(MsgF32(msg.0 as f32 + resp1.0 + resp2.0))
     }
 
     async fn sync(&self, _bus: &Bus) -> Result<(), Self::Error> {
@@ -76,12 +117,12 @@ impl AsyncHandler<i16> for TmpReceiver1 {
 }
 
 #[async_trait]
-impl AsyncHandler<u16> for TmpReceiver1 {
+impl AsyncHandler<MsgU16> for TmpReceiver1 {
     type Error = Error;
-    type Response = f32;
+    type Response = MsgF32;
 
-    async fn handle(&self, msg: u16, _bus: &Bus) -> Result<Self::Response, Self::Error> {
-        Ok(msg as f32)
+    async fn handle(&self, msg: MsgU16, _bus: &Bus) -> Result<Self::Response, Self::Error> {
+        Ok(MsgF32(msg.0 as _))
     }
 
     async fn sync(&self, _bus: &Bus) -> Result<(), Self::Error> {
@@ -92,12 +133,12 @@ impl AsyncHandler<u16> for TmpReceiver1 {
 }
 
 #[async_trait]
-impl AsyncHandler<i8> for TmpReceiver1 {
+impl AsyncHandler<MsgI8> for TmpReceiver1 {
     type Error = Error;
-    type Response = f32;
+    type Response = MsgF32;
 
-    async fn handle(&self, msg: i8, _bus: &Bus) -> Result<Self::Response, Self::Error> {
-        Ok(msg as f32)
+    async fn handle(&self, msg: MsgI8, _bus: &Bus) -> Result<Self::Response, Self::Error> {
+        Ok(MsgF32(msg.0 as _))
     }
 
     async fn sync(&self, _bus: &Bus) -> Result<(), Self::Error> {
@@ -108,12 +149,12 @@ impl AsyncHandler<i8> for TmpReceiver1 {
 }
 
 #[async_trait]
-impl AsyncHandler<u8> for TmpReceiver1 {
+impl AsyncHandler<MsgU8> for TmpReceiver1 {
     type Error = Error;
-    type Response = f32;
+    type Response = MsgF32;
 
-    async fn handle(&self, msg: u8, _bus: &Bus) -> Result<Self::Response, Self::Error> {
-        Ok(msg as f32)
+    async fn handle(&self, msg: MsgU8, _bus: &Bus) -> Result<Self::Response, Self::Error> {
+        Ok(MsgF32(msg.0 as _))
     }
     async fn sync(&self, _bus: &Bus) -> Result<(), Self::Error> {
         println!("TmpReceiver1 u8: sync");
@@ -123,16 +164,25 @@ impl AsyncHandler<u8> for TmpReceiver1 {
 }
 
 #[async_trait]
-impl AsyncHandler<f64> for TmpReceiver2 {
+impl AsyncHandler<MsgF64> for TmpReceiver2 {
     type Error = Error;
-    type Response = f64;
+    type Response = MsgF64;
 
-    async fn handle(&self, msg: f64, bus: &Bus) -> Result<Self::Response, Self::Error> {
-        let resp1 = bus.request::<_, f32>(100i32, Default::default()).await? as f64;
-        let resp2 = bus.request::<_, f32>(200u32, Default::default()).await? as f64;
-        let resp3 = bus.request::<_, f32>(300f32, Default::default()).await? as f64;
+    async fn handle(&self, msg: MsgF64, bus: &Bus) -> Result<Self::Response, Self::Error> {
+        let resp1 = bus
+            .request::<_, MsgF32>(MsgI32(100i32), Default::default())
+            .await?
+            .0 as f64;
+        let resp2 = bus
+            .request::<_, MsgF32>(MsgU32(200u32), Default::default())
+            .await?
+            .0 as f64;
+        let resp3 = bus
+            .request::<_, MsgF32>(MsgF32(300f32), Default::default())
+            .await?
+            .0 as f64;
 
-        Ok(msg + resp1 + resp2 + resp3)
+        Ok(MsgF64(msg.0 + resp1 + resp2 + resp3))
     }
 
     async fn sync(&self, _bus: &Bus) -> Result<(), Self::Error> {
@@ -143,11 +193,11 @@ impl AsyncHandler<f64> for TmpReceiver2 {
 }
 
 #[async_trait]
-impl AsyncHandler<f32> for TmpReceiver2 {
+impl AsyncHandler<MsgF32> for TmpReceiver2 {
     type Error = Error;
-    type Response = f32;
+    type Response = MsgF32;
 
-    async fn handle(&self, msg: f32, _bus: &Bus) -> Result<Self::Response, Self::Error> {
+    async fn handle(&self, msg: MsgF32, _bus: &Bus) -> Result<Self::Response, Self::Error> {
         Ok(msg)
     }
     async fn sync(&self, _bus: &Bus) -> Result<(), Self::Error> {
@@ -161,22 +211,28 @@ impl AsyncHandler<f32> for TmpReceiver2 {
 async fn main() {
     let (b, poller) = Bus::build()
         .register(TmpReceiver1)
-            .subscribe_async::<i32>(8, Default::default())
-            .subscribe_async::<u32>(8, Default::default())
-            .subscribe_async::<i16>(8, Default::default())
-            .subscribe_async::<u16>(8, Default::default())
-            .subscribe_async::<i8>(8, Default::default())
-            .subscribe_async::<u8>(8, Default::default())
+        .subscribe_async::<MsgI32>(8, Default::default())
+        .subscribe_async::<MsgU32>(8, Default::default())
+        .subscribe_async::<MsgI16>(8, Default::default())
+        .subscribe_async::<MsgU16>(8, Default::default())
+        .subscribe_async::<MsgI8>(8, Default::default())
+        .subscribe_async::<MsgU8>(8, Default::default())
         .done()
         .register(TmpReceiver2)
-            .subscribe_async::<f32>(8, Default::default())
-            .subscribe_async::<f64>(8, Default::default())
+        .subscribe_async::<MsgF32>(8, Default::default())
+        .subscribe_async::<MsgF64>(8, Default::default())
         .done()
         .build();
 
     println!(
-        "{:?}",
-        b.request_local_we::<_, f64, Error>(1000f64, Default::default())
+        "plain {:?}",
+        b.request_we::<_, MsgF64, Error>(MsgF64(1000f64), Default::default())
+            .await
+    );
+
+    println!(
+        "boxed {:?}",
+        b.request_boxed(Box::new(MsgF64(1000.)), Default::default())
             .await
     );
 

examples/demo_shared.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+use async_trait::async_trait;
+use messagebus::{error, AsyncHandler, Bus, Message};
+use thiserror::Error;
+
+#[derive(Debug, Error)]
+enum Error {
+    #[error("Error({0})")]
+    Error(anyhow::Error),
+}
+
+impl<M: Message> From<error::Error<M>> for Error {
+    fn from(err: error::Error<M>) -> Self {
+        Self::Error(err.into())
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+struct Msg;
+
+struct TmpReceiver;
+
+#[async_trait]
+impl AsyncHandler<Msg> for TmpReceiver {
+    type Error = Error;
+    type Response = ();
+
+    async fn handle(&self, msg: Msg, _bus: &Bus) -> Result<Self::Response, Self::Error> {
+        println!("---> f32 {:?}", msg);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+#[tokio::main]
+async fn main() {
+    let (b, poller) = Bus::build()
+        .register(TmpReceiver)
+        .subscribe_local_async::<Msg>(8, Default::default())
+        .done()
+        .build();
+
+    b.send_local_one(Msg).await.unwrap();
+
+    println!("flushing");
+    b.flush().await;
+
+    println!("closing");
+    b.close().await;
+
+    println!("closed");
+    poller.await;
+
+    println!("[done]");
+}

examples/demo_slow.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
-use messagebus::{error, Bus, Handler, Message, Module};
+use messagebus::{
+    derive::{Error as MbError, Message},
+    error, Bus, Handler, Message, Module,
+};
 use thiserror::Error;
 
-#[derive(Debug, Error)]
+#[derive(Debug, Error, MbError)]
 enum Error {
     #[error("Error({0})")]
     Error(anyhow::Error),
@@ -13,14 +16,23 @@ impl<M: Message> From<error::Error<M>> for Error {
     }
 }
 
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Message)]
+struct MsgF32(pub f32);
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Message)]
+struct MsgU32(pub u32);
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Message)]
+struct MsgU16(pub u16);
+
 struct TmpReceiver;
 
-impl Handler<f32> for TmpReceiver {
+impl Handler<MsgF32> for TmpReceiver {
     type Error = Error;
     type Response = ();
 
-    fn handle(&self, msg: f32, _bus: &Bus) -> Result<Self::Response, Self::Error> {
-        println!("---> f32 {}", msg);
+    fn handle(&self, msg: MsgF32, _bus: &Bus) -> Result<Self::Response, Self::Error> {
+        println!("---> f32 {:?}", msg);
 
         std::thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_secs(5));
 
@@ -30,22 +42,22 @@ impl Handler<f32> for TmpReceiver {
     }
 }
 
-impl Handler<u16> for TmpReceiver {
+impl Handler<MsgU16> for TmpReceiver {
     type Error = Error;
     type Response = ();
 
-    fn handle(&self, msg: u16, _bus: &Bus) -> Result<Self::Response, Self::Error> {
-        println!("---> u16 {}", msg);
+    fn handle(&self, msg: MsgU16, _bus: &Bus) -> Result<Self::Response, Self::Error> {
+        println!("---> u16 {:?}", msg);
         Ok(())
     }
 }
 
-impl Handler<u32> for TmpReceiver {
+impl Handler<MsgU32> for TmpReceiver {
     type Error = Error;
     type Response = ();
 
-    fn handle(&self, msg: u32, _bus: &Bus) -> Result<Self::Response, Self::Error> {
-        println!("---> u32 {}", msg);
+    fn handle(&self, msg: MsgU32, _bus: &Bus) -> Result<Self::Response, Self::Error> {
+        println!("---> u32 {:?}", msg);
         Ok(())
     }
 }
@@ -53,9 +65,9 @@ impl Handler<u32> for TmpReceiver {
 fn module() -> Module {
     Module::new()
         .register(TmpReceiver)
-            .subscribe_sync::<f32>(8, Default::default())
-            .subscribe_sync::<u16>(8, Default::default())
-            .subscribe_sync::<u32>(8, Default::default())
+        .subscribe_sync::<MsgF32>(8, Default::default())
+        .subscribe_sync::<MsgU16>(8, Default::default())
+        .subscribe_sync::<MsgU32>(8, Default::default())
         .done()
 }
 
@@ -63,9 +75,9 @@ fn module() -> Module {
 async fn main() {
     let (b, poller) = Bus::build().add_module(module()).build();
 
-    b.send(32f32).await.unwrap();
-    b.send(11u16).await.unwrap();
-    b.send(32u32).await.unwrap();
+    b.send(MsgF32(32f32)).await.unwrap();
+    b.send(MsgU16(11u16)).await.unwrap();
+    b.send(MsgU32(32u32)).await.unwrap();
 
     println!("flush");
     b.flush().await;

examples/demo_sync_batch.rs

@@ -2,11 +2,12 @@ use std::sync::Arc;
 
 use async_trait::async_trait;
 use messagebus::{
+    derive::{Error as MbError, Message},
     error, AsyncBatchSynchronizedHandler, BatchSynchronizedHandler, Bus, Message,
 };
 use thiserror::Error;
 
-#[derive(Debug, Error, Clone)]
+#[derive(Debug, Error, Clone, MbError)]
 enum Error {
     #[error("Error({0})")]
     Error(Arc<anyhow::Error>),
@@ -18,19 +19,26 @@ impl<M: Message> From<error::Error<M>> for Error {
     }
 }
 
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Message)]
+#[message(clone)]
+struct MsgI32(i32);
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Message)]
+#[message(clone)]
+struct MsgI16(i16);
+
 struct TmpReceiver;
 
 #[async_trait]
-impl AsyncBatchSynchronizedHandler<i32> for TmpReceiver {
+impl AsyncBatchSynchronizedHandler<MsgI32> for TmpReceiver {
     type Error = Error;
     type Response = ();
-    type InBatch = Vec<i32>;
+    type InBatch = Vec<MsgI32>;
     type OutBatch = Vec<()>;
 
-
     async fn handle(
         &mut self,
-        msg: Vec<i32>,
+        msg: Vec<MsgI32>,
         _bus: &Bus,
     ) -> Result<Vec<Self::Response>, Self::Error> {
         println!("---> [i32; {}] {:?}", msg.len(), msg);
@@ -39,13 +47,13 @@ impl AsyncBatchSynchronizedHandler<i32> for TmpReceiver {
     }
 }
 
-impl BatchSynchronizedHandler<i16> for TmpReceiver {
+impl BatchSynchronizedHandler<MsgI16> for TmpReceiver {
     type Error = Error;
     type Response = ();
-    type InBatch = Vec<i16>;
+    type InBatch = Vec<MsgI16>;
     type OutBatch = Vec<()>;
 
-    fn handle(&mut self, msg: Vec<i16>, _bus: &Bus) -> Result<Vec<Self::Response>, Self::Error> {
+    fn handle(&mut self, msg: Vec<MsgI16>, _bus: &Bus) -> Result<Vec<Self::Response>, Self::Error> {
         println!("---> [i16; {}] {:?}", msg.len(), msg);
         Ok(vec![])
     }
@@ -55,22 +63,22 @@ impl BatchSynchronizedHandler<i16> for TmpReceiver {
 async fn main() {
     let (b, poller) = Bus::build()
         .register_unsync(TmpReceiver)
-            .subscribe_batch_async::<i32>(16, Default::default())
-            .subscribe_batch_sync::<i16>(16, Default::default())
+        .subscribe_batch_async::<MsgI32>(16, Default::default())
+        .subscribe_batch_sync::<MsgI16>(16, Default::default())
         .done()
         .build();
 
     for i in 1..100i32 {
-        b.send(i).await.unwrap();
+        b.send(MsgI32(i)).await.unwrap();
     }
 
-    b.send(1i16).await.unwrap();
-    b.send(2i16).await.unwrap();
-    b.send(3i16).await.unwrap();
-    b.send(4i16).await.unwrap();
-    b.send(5i16).await.unwrap();
-    b.send(6i16).await.unwrap();
-    b.send(7i16).await.unwrap();
+    b.send(MsgI16(1i16)).await.unwrap();
+    b.send(MsgI16(2i16)).await.unwrap();
+    b.send(MsgI16(3i16)).await.unwrap();
+    b.send(MsgI16(4i16)).await.unwrap();
+    b.send(MsgI16(5i16)).await.unwrap();
+    b.send(MsgI16(6i16)).await.unwrap();
+    b.send(MsgI16(7i16)).await.unwrap();
 
     println!("flush");
     b.flush().await;

examples/non_sync.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,11 @@
 use async_trait::async_trait;
-use messagebus::{error, receivers, AsyncSynchronizedHandler, Bus, Message, SynchronizedHandler};
+use messagebus::{
+    derive::{Error as MbError, Message},
+    error, AsyncSynchronizedHandler, Bus, Message, SynchronizedHandler,
+};
 use thiserror::Error;
 
-#[derive(Debug, Error)]
+#[derive(Debug, Error, MbError)]
 enum Error {
     #[error("Error({0})")]
     Error(anyhow::Error),
@@ -14,15 +17,21 @@ impl<M: Message> From<error::Error<M>> for Error {
     }
 }
 
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Message)]
+struct MsgF32(pub f32);
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Message)]
+struct MsgI16(pub i16);
+
 struct TmpReceiver;
 
-impl SynchronizedHandler<f32> for TmpReceiver {
+impl SynchronizedHandler<MsgF32> for TmpReceiver {
     type Error = Error;
     type Response = ();
 
-    fn handle(&mut self, msg: f32, _bus: &Bus) -> Result<Self::Response, Self::Error> {
+    fn handle(&mut self, msg: MsgF32, _bus: &Bus) -> Result<Self::Response, Self::Error> {
         // std::thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_millis(100));
-        println!("---> f32 {}", msg);
+        println!("---> f32 {:?}", msg);
 
         println!("done");
         Ok(())
@@ -30,13 +39,13 @@ impl SynchronizedHandler<f32> for TmpReceiver {
 }
 
 #[async_trait]
-impl AsyncSynchronizedHandler<i16> for TmpReceiver {
+impl AsyncSynchronizedHandler<MsgI16> for TmpReceiver {
     type Error = Error;
     type Response = ();
 
-    async fn handle(&mut self, msg: i16, _bus: &Bus) -> Result<Self::Response, Self::Error> {
+    async fn handle(&mut self, msg: MsgI16, _bus: &Bus) -> Result<Self::Response, Self::Error> {
         std::thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_millis(100));
-        println!("---> i16 {}", msg);
+        println!("---> i16 {:?}", msg);
 
         println!("done");
         Ok(())
@@ -47,30 +56,30 @@ impl AsyncSynchronizedHandler<i16> for TmpReceiver {
 async fn main() {
     let (b, poller) = Bus::build()
         .register_unsync(TmpReceiver)
-        .subscribe::<f32, receivers::SynchronizedSync<_, _, _>, _, _>(8, Default::default())
-        .subscribe::<i16, receivers::SynchronizedAsync<_, _, _>, _, _>(8, Default::default())
+        .subscribe_sync::<MsgF32>(8, Default::default())
+        .subscribe_async::<MsgI16>(8, Default::default())
         .done()
         .build();
 
-    b.send(12.0f32).await.unwrap();
-    b.send(1i16).await.unwrap();
-    b.send(12.0f32).await.unwrap();
-    b.send(1i16).await.unwrap();
-    b.send(12.0f32).await.unwrap();
-    b.send(1i16).await.unwrap();
-    b.send(12.0f32).await.unwrap();
-    b.send(1i16).await.unwrap();
-    b.send(12.0f32).await.unwrap();
-    b.send(1i16).await.unwrap();
-    b.send(12.0f32).await.unwrap();
-    b.send(1i16).await.unwrap();
-    b.send(12.0f32).await.unwrap();
-    b.send(1i16).await.unwrap();
-    b.send(12.0f32).await.unwrap();
-    b.send(1i16).await.unwrap();
+    b.send(MsgF32(12.0f32)).await.unwrap();
+    b.send(MsgI16(1i16)).await.unwrap();
+    b.send(MsgF32(12.0f32)).await.unwrap();
+    b.send(MsgI16(1i16)).await.unwrap();
+    b.send(MsgF32(12.0f32)).await.unwrap();
+    b.send(MsgI16(1i16)).await.unwrap();
+    b.send(MsgF32(12.0f32)).await.unwrap();
+    b.send(MsgI16(1i16)).await.unwrap();
+    b.send(MsgF32(12.0f32)).await.unwrap();
+    b.send(MsgI16(1i16)).await.unwrap();
+    b.send(MsgF32(12.0f32)).await.unwrap();
+    b.send(MsgI16(1i16)).await.unwrap();
+    b.send(MsgF32(12.0f32)).await.unwrap();
+    b.send(MsgI16(1i16)).await.unwrap();
+    b.send(MsgF32(12.0f32)).await.unwrap();
+    b.send(MsgI16(1i16)).await.unwrap();
 
-    b.send(12.0f32).await.unwrap();
-    b.send(1i16).await.unwrap();
+    b.send(MsgF32(12.0f32)).await.unwrap();
+    b.send(MsgI16(1i16)).await.unwrap();
 
     println!("flush");
 

src/builder.rs

@@ -1,9 +1,16 @@
-use std::{any::TypeId, collections::HashMap, marker::PhantomData, pin::Pin, sync::Arc};
+use std::{collections::HashMap, marker::PhantomData, pin::Pin, sync::Arc};
 
 use futures::{Future, FutureExt};
 use tokio::sync::Mutex;
 
-use crate::{AsyncBatchHandler, AsyncBatchSynchronizedHandler, AsyncHandler, AsyncSynchronizedHandler, BatchHandler, BatchSynchronizedHandler, Bus, BusInner, Handler, Message, SynchronizedHandler, Untyped, error::StdSyncSendError, receiver::{Receiver, ReciveTypedReceiver, SendTypedReceiver, SendUntypedReceiver}, receivers};
+use crate::{
+    envelop::TypeTag,
+    error::StdSyncSendError,
+    receiver::{Receiver, ReciveTypedReceiver, SendTypedReceiver, SendUntypedReceiver},
+    receivers, AsyncBatchHandler, AsyncBatchSynchronizedHandler, AsyncHandler,
+    AsyncSynchronizedHandler, BatchHandler, BatchSynchronizedHandler, Bus, BusInner, Handler,
+    Message, SynchronizedHandler, Untyped,
+};
 
 pub trait ReceiverSubscriberBuilder<T, M, R, E>:
     SendUntypedReceiver + SendTypedReceiver<M> + ReciveTypedReceiver<R, E>
@@ -36,7 +43,7 @@ pub struct RegisterEntry<K, T, F, B> {
     payload: B,
     builder: F,
     receivers: HashMap<
-        TypeId,
+        TypeTag,
         Vec<(
             Receiver,
             Box<
@@ -55,7 +62,7 @@ impl<K, T: 'static, F, B> RegisterEntry<K, T, F, B>
 where
     F: FnMut(
         &mut B,
-        (TypeId, Receiver),
+        (TypeTag, Receiver),
         Box<dyn FnOnce(Bus) -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output = ()> + Send>>>,
         Box<dyn FnOnce(Bus) -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output = ()> + Send>>>,
     ),
@@ -65,7 +72,7 @@ where
             for (r, poller, poller2) in v {
                 let poller = poller(self.item.clone());
 
-                (self.builder)(&mut self.payload, (tid, r), poller, poller2);
+                (self.builder)(&mut self.payload, (tid.clone(), r), poller, poller2);
             }
         }
 
@@ -87,7 +94,7 @@ impl<T, F, B> RegisterEntry<UnsyncEntry, T, F, B> {
         let receiver = Receiver::new::<M, R, E, S>(queue, inner);
         let poller2 = receiver.start_polling_events::<R, E>();
         self.receivers
-            .entry(TypeId::of::<M>())
+            .entry(M::type_tag_())
             .or_insert_with(Vec::new)
             .push((receiver, poller, poller2));
 
@@ -99,6 +106,7 @@ impl<T, F, B> RegisterEntry<UnsyncEntry, T, F, B> {
     where
         T: SynchronizedHandler<M> + Send + 'static,
         M: Message,
+        T::Response: Message,
     {
         self.subscribe::<M, receivers::SynchronizedSync<M, T::Response, T::Error>, T::Response, T::Error>(queue, cfg)
     }
@@ -108,24 +116,35 @@ impl<T, F, B> RegisterEntry<UnsyncEntry, T, F, B> {
     where
         T: AsyncSynchronizedHandler<M> + Send + 'static,
         M: Message,
+        T::Response: Message,
     {
         self.subscribe::<M, receivers::SynchronizedAsync<M, T::Response, T::Error>, T::Response, T::Error>(queue, cfg)
     }
 
     #[inline]
-    pub fn subscribe_batch_sync<M>(self, queue: u64, cfg: receivers::SynchronizedBatchedConfig) -> Self
+    pub fn subscribe_batch_sync<M>(
+        self,
+        queue: u64,
+        cfg: receivers::SynchronizedBatchedConfig,
+    ) -> Self
     where
         T: BatchSynchronizedHandler<M> + Send + 'static,
         M: Message,
+        T::Response: Message,
     {
         self.subscribe::<M, receivers::SynchronizedBatchedSync<M, T::Response, T::Error>, T::Response, T::Error>(queue, cfg)
     }
 
     #[inline]
-    pub fn subscribe_batch_async<M>(self, queue: u64, cfg: receivers::SynchronizedBatchedConfig) -> Self
+    pub fn subscribe_batch_async<M>(
+        self,
+        queue: u64,
+        cfg: receivers::SynchronizedBatchedConfig,
+    ) -> Self
     where
         T: AsyncBatchSynchronizedHandler<M> + Send + 'static,
         M: Message,
+        T::Response: Message,
     {
         self.subscribe::<M, receivers::SynchronizedBatchedAsync<M, T::Response, T::Error>, T::Response, T::Error>(queue, cfg)
     }
@@ -145,7 +164,7 @@ impl<T, F, B> RegisterEntry<SyncEntry, T, F, B> {
         let receiver = Receiver::new::<M, R, E, S>(queue, inner);
         let poller2 = receiver.start_polling_events::<R, E>();
         self.receivers
-            .entry(TypeId::of::<M>())
+            .entry(M::type_tag_())
             .or_insert_with(Vec::new)
             .push((receiver, poller, poller2));
 
@@ -157,6 +176,7 @@ impl<T, F, B> RegisterEntry<SyncEntry, T, F, B> {
     where
         T: Handler<M> + Send + Sync + 'static,
         M: Message,
+        T::Response: Message,
     {
         self.subscribe::<M, receivers::BufferUnorderedSync<M, T::Response, T::Error>, T::Response, T::Error>(queue, cfg)
     }
@@ -173,26 +193,36 @@ impl<T, F, B> RegisterEntry<SyncEntry, T, F, B> {
     }
 
     #[inline]
-    pub fn subscribe_batch_sync<M>(self, queue: u64, cfg: receivers::BufferUnorderedBatchedConfig) -> Self
+    pub fn subscribe_batch_sync<M>(
+        self,
+        queue: u64,
+        cfg: receivers::BufferUnorderedBatchedConfig,
+    ) -> Self
     where
         T: BatchHandler<M> + Send + 'static,
         M: Message,
+        T::Response: Message,
     {
         self.subscribe::<M, receivers::BufferUnorderedBatchedSync<M, T::Response, T::Error>, T::Response, T::Error>(queue, cfg)
     }
 
     #[inline]
-    pub fn subscribe_batch_async<M>(self, queue: u64, cfg: receivers::BufferUnorderedBatchedConfig) -> Self
+    pub fn subscribe_batch_async<M>(
+        self,
+        queue: u64,
+        cfg: receivers::BufferUnorderedBatchedConfig,
+    ) -> Self
     where
         T: AsyncBatchHandler<M> + Send + 'static,
         M: Message,
+        T::Response: Message,
     {
         self.subscribe::<M, receivers::BufferUnorderedBatchedAsync<M, T::Response, T::Error>, T::Response, T::Error>(queue, cfg)
     }
 }
 
 pub struct Module {
-    receivers: Vec<(TypeId, Receiver)>,
+    receivers: Vec<(TypeTag, Receiver)>,
     pollings: Vec<Box<dyn FnOnce(Bus) -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output = ()> + Send>>>>,
 }
 
@@ -212,7 +242,7 @@ impl Module {
         T,
         impl FnMut(
             &mut Self,
-            (TypeId, Receiver),
+            (TypeTag, Receiver),
             Box<dyn FnOnce(Bus) -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output = ()> + Send>>>,
             Box<dyn FnOnce(Bus) -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output = ()> + Send>>>,
         ),
@@ -239,7 +269,7 @@ impl Module {
         T,
         impl FnMut(
             &mut Self,
-            (TypeId, Receiver),
+            (TypeTag, Receiver),
             Box<dyn FnOnce(Bus) -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output = ()> + Send>>>,
             Box<dyn FnOnce(Bus) -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output = ()> + Send>>>,
         ),
@@ -285,7 +315,7 @@ impl BusBuilder {
         T,
         impl FnMut(
             &mut Self,
-            (TypeId, Receiver),
+            (TypeTag, Receiver),
             Box<dyn FnOnce(Bus) -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output = ()> + Send>>>,
             Box<dyn FnOnce(Bus) -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output = ()> + Send>>>,
         ),
@@ -312,7 +342,7 @@ impl BusBuilder {
         T,
         impl FnMut(
             &mut Self,
-            (TypeId, Receiver),
+            (TypeTag, Receiver),
             Box<dyn FnOnce(Bus) -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output = ()> + Send>>>,
             Box<dyn FnOnce(Bus) -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output = ()> + Send>>>,
         ),

src/envelop.rs

@@ -1,45 +1,338 @@
-use core::any::{Any, type_name};
+use core::any::Any;
 use core::fmt;
-use serde::{de::DeserializeOwned, Serialize};
+use std::any::type_name;
+use std::borrow::Cow;
+use std::sync::Arc;
 
-pub trait Message:
-    fmt::Debug + Unpin + Send + Sync + 'static
-{
-    fn type_name(&self) -> &str;
+#[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone)]
+#[repr(C)]
+pub struct TraitObject {
+    pub data: *mut (),
+    pub vtable: *mut (),
 }
 
-impl<T: fmt::Debug + Unpin + Send + Sync + 'static> Message for T {
-    fn type_name(&self) -> &str {
-        type_name::<T>()
+pub type TypeTag = Cow<'static, str>;
+
+pub trait TypeTagged {
+    fn type_tag_() -> TypeTag
+    where
+        Self: Sized;
+
+    fn type_tag(&self) -> TypeTag;
+    fn type_name(&self) -> Cow<str>;
+}
+
+pub trait Message: TypeTagged + fmt::Debug + Unpin + Send + Sync + 'static {
+    fn as_any_ref(&self) -> &dyn Any;
+    fn as_any_mut(&mut self) -> &mut dyn Any;
+    fn as_any_boxed(self: Box<Self>) -> Box<dyn Any>;
+    fn as_any_arc(self: Arc<Self>) -> Arc<dyn Any>;
+
+    fn as_shared_ref(&self) -> Option<&dyn SharedMessage>;
+    fn as_shared_mut(&mut self) -> Option<&mut dyn SharedMessage>;
+    fn as_shared_boxed(self: Box<Self>) -> Option<Box<dyn SharedMessage>>;
+    fn as_shared_arc(self: Arc<Self>) -> Option<Arc<dyn SharedMessage>>;
+
+    fn try_clone_into(&self, into: &mut dyn Any) -> bool;
+    fn try_clone_boxed(&self) -> Option<Box<dyn Message>>;
+}
+
+impl TypeTagged for () {
+    fn type_tag_() -> TypeTag {
+        type_name::<Self>().into()
+    }
+    fn type_tag(&self) -> TypeTag {
+        type_name::<Self>().into()
+    }
+    fn type_name(&self) -> Cow<str> {
+        type_name::<Self>().into()
     }
 }
 
-pub trait TransferableMessage: Message + Serialize + DeserializeOwned
-{
-    fn into_boxed(self) -> BoxedMessage; 
+impl Message for () {
+    fn as_any_ref(&self) -> &dyn Any {
+        self
     }
-impl<T: Message + Serialize + DeserializeOwned> TransferableMessage for T {
-    fn into_boxed(self) -> BoxedMessage {
-        BoxedMessage(Box::new(self) as _)
+    fn as_any_mut(&mut self) -> &mut dyn Any {
+        self
+    }
+    fn as_any_boxed(self: Box<Self>) -> Box<dyn Any> {
+        self
+    }
+    fn as_any_arc(self: Arc<Self>) -> Arc<dyn Any> {
+        self
+    }
+
+    fn as_shared_ref(&self) -> Option<&dyn SharedMessage> {
+        Some(self)
+    }
+    fn as_shared_mut(&mut self) -> Option<&mut dyn SharedMessage> {
+        Some(self)
+    }
+    fn as_shared_boxed(self: Box<Self>) -> Option<Box<dyn SharedMessage>> {
+        Some(self)
+    }
+    fn as_shared_arc(self: Arc<Self>) -> Option<Arc<dyn SharedMessage>> {
+        Some(self)
+    }
+    fn try_clone_into(&self, into: &mut dyn Any) -> bool {
+        let into = if let Some(inner) = into.downcast_mut::<Option<()>>() {
+            inner
+        } else {
+            return false;
+        };
+
+        into.replace(self.clone());
+        true
+    }
+    fn try_clone_boxed(&self) -> Option<Box<dyn Message>> {
+        Some(Box::new(self.clone()))
     }
 }
 
-pub trait SafeMessage:
-    Any + fmt::Debug + erased_serde::Serialize + Unpin + Send + Sync + 'static
-{
-    fn type_name(&self) -> &str;
+pub trait IntoBoxedMessage {
+    fn into_boxed(self) -> Box<dyn Message>;
 }
-impl<T: Any + fmt::Debug + erased_serde::Serialize + Unpin + Send + Sync> SafeMessage for T {
-    fn type_name(&self) -> &str {
-        type_name::<T>()
+
+impl<T: Message> IntoBoxedMessage for T {
+    fn into_boxed(self) -> Box<dyn Message> {
+        Box::new(self)
     }
 }
 
-#[derive(Debug)]
-pub struct BoxedMessage(Box<dyn SafeMessage>);
+pub trait SharedMessage: Message + erased_serde::Serialize {}
+impl<T: Message + erased_serde::Serialize> SharedMessage for T {}
 
-impl<M: TransferableMessage> From<M> for BoxedMessage {
-    fn from(m: M) -> Self {
-        BoxedMessage(Box::new(m))
+// pub trait IntoTakeable {
+//     fn into_takeable(&mut self) -> Takeable<'_>;
+// }
+
+// impl<T: 'static> IntoTakeable for Option<T> {
+//     fn into_takeable(&mut self) -> Takeable<'_> {
+//         Takeable {
+//             inner_ref: self
+//         }
+//     }
+// }
+
+// pub struct Takeable<'a> {
+//     inner_ref: &'a mut dyn Any,
+// }
+
+// impl Takeable<'_> {
+//     pub fn take<M: Message>(&mut self) -> Option<M> {
+//         let m = self.inner_ref.downcast_mut::<Option<M>>()?;
+//         m.take()
+//     }
+// }
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+    use erased_serde::Serializer;
+    use std::{any::type_name, borrow::Cow};
+
+    #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+    struct Msg0;
+
+    impl TypeTagged for Msg0 {
+        fn type_tag_() -> TypeTag {
+            type_name::<Self>().into()
+        }
+        fn type_tag(&self) -> TypeTag {
+            type_name::<Self>().into()
+        }
+        fn type_name(&self) -> Cow<str> {
+            type_name::<Self>().into()
+        }
+    }
+
+    impl Message for Msg0 {
+        fn as_any_ref(&self) -> &dyn Any {
+            self
+        }
+        fn as_any_mut(&mut self) -> &mut dyn Any {
+            self
+        }
+        fn as_any_boxed(self: Box<Self>) -> Box<dyn Any> {
+            self
+        }
+        fn as_any_arc(self: Arc<Self>) -> Arc<dyn Any> {
+            self
+        }
+
+        fn as_shared_ref(&self) -> Option<&dyn SharedMessage> {
+            None
+        }
+        fn as_shared_mut(&mut self) -> Option<&mut dyn SharedMessage> {
+            None
+        }
+        fn as_shared_boxed(self: Box<Self>) -> Option<Box<dyn SharedMessage>> {
+            None
+        }
+        fn as_shared_arc(self: Arc<Self>) -> Option<Arc<dyn SharedMessage>> {
+            None
+        }
+        fn try_clone_into(&self, _: &mut dyn Any) -> bool {
+            false
+        }
+        fn try_clone_boxed(&self) -> Option<Box<dyn Message>> {
+            None
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+    struct Msg1;
+
+    impl TypeTagged for Msg1 {
+        fn type_tag_() -> TypeTag {
+            type_name::<Self>().into()
+        }
+        fn type_tag(&self) -> TypeTag {
+            type_name::<Self>().into()
+        }
+        fn type_name(&self) -> Cow<str> {
+            type_name::<Self>().into()
+        }
+    }
+
+    impl Message for Msg1 {
+        fn as_any_ref(&self) -> &dyn Any {
+            self
+        }
+        fn as_any_mut(&mut self) -> &mut dyn Any {
+            self
+        }
+        fn as_any_boxed(self: Box<Self>) -> Box<dyn Any> {
+            self
+        }
+        fn as_any_arc(self: Arc<Self>) -> Arc<dyn Any> {
+            self
+        }
+
+        fn as_shared_ref(&self) -> Option<&dyn SharedMessage> {
+            None
+        }
+        fn as_shared_mut(&mut self) -> Option<&mut dyn SharedMessage> {
+            None
+        }
+        fn as_shared_boxed(self: Box<Self>) -> Option<Box<dyn SharedMessage>> {
+            None
+        }
+        fn as_shared_arc(self: Arc<Self>) -> Option<Arc<dyn SharedMessage>> {
+            None
+        }
+        fn try_clone_into(&self, into: &mut dyn Any) -> bool {
+            let into = if let Some(inner) = into.downcast_mut::<Option<Msg1>>() {
+                inner
+            } else {
+                return false;
+            };
+
+            into.replace(self.clone());
+            true
+        }
+        fn try_clone_boxed(&self) -> Option<Box<dyn Message>> {
+            Some(Box::new(self.clone()))
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[derive(Debug, Clone, serde_derive::Serialize, serde_derive::Deserialize)]
+    struct Msg2 {
+        inner: [i32; 2],
+    }
+
+    impl TypeTagged for Msg2 {
+        fn type_tag_() -> TypeTag {
+            type_name::<Self>().into()
+        }
+        fn type_tag(&self) -> TypeTag {
+            type_name::<Self>().into()
+        }
+        fn type_name(&self) -> Cow<str> {
+            type_name::<Self>().into()
+        }
+    }
+
+    impl Message for Msg2 {
+        fn as_any_ref(&self) -> &dyn Any {
+            self
+        }
+        fn as_any_mut(&mut self) -> &mut dyn Any {
+            self
+        }
+        fn as_any_boxed(self: Box<Self>) -> Box<dyn Any> {
+            self
+        }
+        fn as_any_arc(self: Arc<Self>) -> Arc<dyn Any> {
+            self
+        }
+
+        fn as_shared_ref(&self) -> Option<&dyn SharedMessage> {
+            Some(self)
+        }
+        fn as_shared_mut(&mut self) -> Option<&mut dyn SharedMessage> {
+            Some(self)
+        }
+        fn as_shared_boxed(self: Box<Self>) -> Option<Box<dyn SharedMessage>> {
+            Some(self)
+        }
+        fn as_shared_arc(self: Arc<Self>) -> Option<Arc<dyn SharedMessage>> {
+            Some(self)
+        }
+        fn try_clone_into(&self, into: &mut dyn Any) -> bool {
+            let into = if let Some(inner) = into.downcast_mut::<Option<Msg2>>() {
+                inner
+            } else {
+                return false;
+            };
+
+            into.replace(self.clone());
+            true
+        }
+        fn try_clone_boxed(&self) -> Option<Box<dyn Message>> {
+            Some(Box::new(self.clone()))
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_static_upcast() {
+        let mut buff: Vec<u8> = Vec::new();
+        let json = &mut serde_json::Serializer::new(&mut buff);
+        let mut json = <dyn Serializer>::erase(json);
+
+        let x = Msg1;
+        let y = Msg2 { inner: [12, 13] };
+
+        assert!(x.as_shared_ref().is_none());
+        assert!(y.as_shared_ref().is_some());
+        assert!(y
+            .as_shared_ref()
+            .unwrap()
+            .erased_serialize(&mut json)
+            .is_ok());
+        assert_eq!(buff.as_slice(), b"{\"inner\":[12,13]}");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_dyn_upcast() {
+        let mut buff: Vec<u8> = Vec::new();
+        let json = &mut serde_json::Serializer::new(&mut buff);
+        let mut json = <dyn Serializer>::erase(json);
+
+        let x = Msg1;
+        let y = Msg2 { inner: [12, 13] };
+
+        let x_dyn: &dyn Message = &x;
+        let y_dyn: &dyn Message = &y;
+
+        assert!(x_dyn.as_shared_ref().is_none());
+        assert!(y_dyn.as_shared_ref().is_some());
+        assert!(y_dyn
+            .as_shared_ref()
+            .unwrap()
+            .erased_serialize(&mut json)
+            .is_ok());
+        assert_eq!(buff.as_slice(), b"{\"inner\":[12,13]}");
     }
 }

src/error.rs

@@ -1,16 +1,37 @@
 use core::fmt;
+use std::{any::type_name, borrow::Cow};
 
 use thiserror::Error;
 use tokio::sync::oneshot;
 
-use crate::{Message, envelop::{BoxedMessage, TransferableMessage}};
+use crate::{
+    envelop::{IntoBoxedMessage, TypeTag, TypeTagged},
+    Message,
+};
 
-pub trait StdSyncSendError: std::error::Error + Send + Sync + Unpin + 'static {}
-impl<T: std::error::Error + Send + Sync + Unpin + 'static> StdSyncSendError for T {}
+pub trait StdSyncSendError: std::error::Error + TypeTagged + Send + Sync + Unpin + 'static {}
+impl<T: std::error::Error + TypeTagged + Send + Sync + Unpin + 'static> StdSyncSendError for T {}
 
 #[derive(Debug, Error)]
 pub enum VoidError {}
 
+impl TypeTagged for VoidError {
+    fn type_name(&self) -> Cow<str> {
+        type_name::<VoidError>().into()
+    }
+
+    fn type_tag(&self) -> TypeTag {
+        type_name::<VoidError>().into()
+    }
+
+    fn type_tag_() -> TypeTag
+    where
+        Self: Sized,
+    {
+        type_name::<VoidError>().into()
+    }
+}
+
 #[derive(Debug, Error)]
 pub enum SendError<M: fmt::Debug> {
     #[error("Closed")]
@@ -20,11 +41,11 @@ pub enum SendError<M: fmt::Debug> {
     Full(M),
 }
 
-impl<M: TransferableMessage> SendError<M> {
-    pub fn into_boxed(self) -> SendError<BoxedMessage> {
+impl<M: Message> SendError<M> {
+    pub fn into_boxed(self) -> SendError<Box<dyn Message>> {
         match self {
-            SendError::Closed(m) => SendError::Closed(BoxedMessage::from(m)),
-            SendError::Full(m) => SendError::Closed(BoxedMessage::from(m)),
+            SendError::Closed(m) => SendError::Closed(m.into_boxed()),
+            SendError::Full(m) => SendError::Closed(m.into_boxed()),
         }
     }
 }
@@ -40,6 +61,12 @@ pub enum Error<M: fmt::Debug + 'static = (), E: StdSyncSendError = VoidError> {
     #[error("NoReceivers")]
     NoReceivers,
 
+    #[error("AddListenerError")]
+    AddListenerError,
+
+    #[error("MessageCastError")]
+    MessageCastError,
+
     #[error("Other({0})")]
     Other(E),
 
@@ -48,6 +75,9 @@ pub enum Error<M: fmt::Debug + 'static = (), E: StdSyncSendError = VoidError> {
 
     #[error("Other({0})")]
     OtherBoxed(Box<dyn StdSyncSendError>),
+
+    #[error("WrongMessageType()")]
+    WrongMessageType(M),
 }
 
 impl<M: Message, E: StdSyncSendError> Error<M, E> {
@@ -59,6 +89,9 @@ impl<M: Message, E: StdSyncSendError> Error<M, E> {
             Error::Serialization(s) => Error::Serialization(s),
             Error::Other(inner) => Error::OtherBoxed(Box::new(inner) as _),
             Error::OtherBoxed(inner) => Error::OtherBoxed(inner),
+            Error::WrongMessageType(inner) => Error::WrongMessageType(inner),
+            Error::AddListenerError => Error::AddListenerError,
+            Error::MessageCastError => Error::MessageCastError,
         }
     }
 
@@ -70,25 +103,52 @@ impl<M: Message, E: StdSyncSendError> Error<M, E> {
             Error::Serialization(s) => Error::Serialization(s),
             Error::Other(_) => panic!("expected boxed error!"),
             Error::OtherBoxed(inner) => Error::Other(inner.into()),
+            Error::WrongMessageType(inner) => Error::WrongMessageType(inner),
+            Error::AddListenerError => Error::AddListenerError,
+            Error::MessageCastError => Error::MessageCastError,
         }
     }
 }
 
 impl<E: StdSyncSendError> Error<(), E> {
-    pub fn specify<M: Message>(self) -> Error<M, E> {
+    pub fn specify<M: fmt::Debug>(self) -> Error<M, E> {
         match self {
             Error::SendError(_) => panic!("cannot specify type on typed error"),
+            Error::WrongMessageType(_) => panic!("cannot specify type on typed error"),
             Error::NoResponse => Error::NoReceivers,
             Error::NoReceivers => Error::NoReceivers,
             Error::Serialization(s) => Error::Serialization(s),
             Error::Other(inner) => Error::Other(inner),
             Error::OtherBoxed(inner) => Error::OtherBoxed(inner),
+            Error::AddListenerError => Error::AddListenerError,
+            Error::MessageCastError => Error::MessageCastError,
         }
     }
 }
 
-impl<M: Message, E: StdSyncSendError> From<oneshot::error::RecvError> for Error<M, E> {
+impl<M: fmt::Debug, E: StdSyncSendError> From<oneshot::error::RecvError> for Error<M, E> {
     fn from(_: oneshot::error::RecvError) -> Self {
         Error::NoResponse
     }
 }
+
+impl Error<Box<dyn Message>> {
+    pub fn from_typed<M: Message>(err: Error<M>) -> Self {
+        match err {
+            Error::SendError(SendError::Closed(m)) => {
+                Error::SendError(SendError::Closed(m.into_boxed()))
+            }
+            Error::SendError(SendError::Full(m)) => {
+                Error::SendError(SendError::Full(m.into_boxed()))
+            }
+            Error::WrongMessageType(m) => Error::WrongMessageType(m.into_boxed()),
+            Error::NoResponse => Error::NoReceivers,
+            Error::NoReceivers => Error::NoReceivers,
+            Error::Serialization(s) => Error::Serialization(s),
+            Error::Other(inner) => Error::Other(inner),
+            Error::OtherBoxed(inner) => Error::OtherBoxed(inner),
+            Error::AddListenerError => Error::AddListenerError,
+            Error::MessageCastError => Error::MessageCastError,
+        }
+    }
+}

src/handler.rs

@@ -89,7 +89,11 @@ pub trait AsyncBatchSynchronizedHandler<M: Message>: Send {
     type InBatch: FromIterator<M> + Send;
     type OutBatch: IntoIterator<Item = Self::Response> + Send;
 
-    async fn handle(&mut self, msg: Self::InBatch, bus: &Bus) -> Result<Self::OutBatch, Self::Error>;
+    async fn handle(
+        &mut self,
+        msg: Self::InBatch,
+        bus: &Bus,
+    ) -> Result<Self::OutBatch, Self::Error>;
     async fn sync(&mut self, _bus: &Bus) -> Result<(), Self::Error> {
         Ok(())
     }
@@ -135,7 +139,11 @@ pub trait LocalAsyncBatchHandler<M: Message> {
     type InBatch: FromIterator<M> + Send;
     type OutBatch: IntoIterator<Item = Self::Response> + Send;
 
-    async fn handle(&mut self, msg: Self::InBatch, bus: &Bus) -> Result<Self::OutBatch, Self::Error>;
+    async fn handle(
+        &mut self,
+        msg: Self::InBatch,
+        bus: &Bus,
+    ) -> Result<Self::OutBatch, Self::Error>;
     async fn sync(&mut self, _bus: &Bus) -> Result<(), Self::Error> {
         Ok(())
     }

src/lib.rs

@@ -4,21 +4,25 @@ pub mod error;
 mod handler;
 mod receiver;
 pub mod receivers;
-mod trait_object;
 pub mod relay;
+mod trait_object;
 
 #[macro_use]
 extern crate log;
 
+pub mod derive {
+    pub use messagebus_derive::*;
+}
+
 use crate::receiver::Permit;
 use builder::BusBuilder;
 pub use builder::Module;
-pub use relay::RelayTrait;
-use core::any::{Any, TypeId};
-pub use envelop::{BoxedMessage, TransferableMessage, Message};
+use core::any::Any;
+pub use envelop::{Message, SharedMessage, TypeTag, TypeTagged};
 use error::{Error, SendError, StdSyncSendError};
 pub use handler::*;
 use receiver::Receiver;
+pub use relay::RelayTrait;
 use smallvec::SmallVec;
 use std::{
     collections::HashMap,
@@ -48,12 +52,12 @@ impl Default for SendOptions {
 }
 
 pub struct BusInner {
-    receivers: HashMap<TypeId, SmallVec<[Receiver; 4]>>,
+    receivers: HashMap<TypeTag, SmallVec<[Receiver; 4]>>,
     closed: AtomicBool,
 }
 
 impl BusInner {
-    pub(crate) fn new(input: Vec<(TypeId, Receiver)>) -> Self {
+    pub(crate) fn new(input: Vec<(TypeTag, Receiver)>) -> Self {
         let mut receivers = HashMap::new();
 
         for (key, value) in input {
@@ -136,11 +140,11 @@ impl BusInner {
     }
 
     #[inline]
-    pub fn try_send<M: TransferableMessage + Clone>(&self, msg: M) -> Result<(), Error<M>> {
+    pub fn try_send<M: Message + Clone>(&self, msg: M) -> Result<(), Error<M>> {
         self.try_send_ext(msg, SendOptions::Broadcast)
     }
 
-    pub fn try_send_ext<M: TransferableMessage + Clone>(
+    pub fn try_send_ext<M: Message + Clone>(
         &self,
         msg: M,
         _options: SendOptions,
@@ -149,10 +153,10 @@ impl BusInner {
             return Err(SendError::Closed(msg).into());
         }
 
+        let tt = msg.type_tag();
         let mid = ID_COUNTER.fetch_add(1, Ordering::Relaxed);
-        let tid = TypeId::of::<M>();
 
-        if let Some(rs) = self.receivers.get(&tid) {
+        if let Some(rs) = self.receivers.get(&tt) {
             let permits = if let Some(x) = self.try_reserve(rs) {
                 x
             } else {
@@ -185,12 +189,12 @@ impl BusInner {
     }
 
     #[inline]
-    pub fn send_blocking<M: TransferableMessage + Clone>(&self, msg: M) -> Result<(), Error<M>> {
+    pub fn send_blocking<M: Message + Clone>(&self, msg: M) -> Result<(), Error<M>> {
         self.send_blocking_ext(msg, SendOptions::Broadcast)
     }
 
     #[inline]
-    pub fn send_blocking_ext<M: TransferableMessage + Clone>(
+    pub fn send_blocking_ext<M: Message + Clone>(
         &self,
         msg: M,
         options: SendOptions,
@@ -199,11 +203,11 @@ impl BusInner {
     }
 
     #[inline]
-    pub async fn send<M: TransferableMessage + Clone>(&self, msg: M) -> core::result::Result<(), Error<M>> {
+    pub async fn send<M: Message + Clone>(&self, msg: M) -> core::result::Result<(), Error<M>> {
         Ok(self.send_ext(msg, SendOptions::Broadcast).await?)
     }
 
-    pub async fn send_ext<M: TransferableMessage + Clone>(
+    pub async fn send_ext<M: Message + Clone>(
         &self,
         msg: M,
         _options: SendOptions,
@@ -212,10 +216,10 @@ impl BusInner {
             return Err(SendError::Closed(msg).into());
         }
 
+        let tt = msg.type_tag();
         let mid = ID_COUNTER.fetch_add(1, Ordering::Relaxed);
-        let tid = TypeId::of::<M>();
 
-        if let Some(rs) = self.receivers.get(&tid) {
+        if let Some(rs) = self.receivers.get(&tt) {
             if let Some((last, head)) = rs.split_last() {
                 for r in head {
                     let _ = r.send(mid, msg.clone(), r.reserve().await);
@@ -236,11 +240,11 @@ impl BusInner {
     }
 
     #[inline]
-    pub fn force_send<M: TransferableMessage + Clone>(&self, msg: M) -> Result<(), Error<M>> {
+    pub fn force_send<M: Message + Clone>(&self, msg: M) -> Result<(), Error<M>> {
         self.force_send_ext(msg, SendOptions::Broadcast)
     }
 
-    pub fn force_send_ext<M: TransferableMessage + Clone>(
+    pub fn force_send_ext<M: Message + Clone>(
         &self,
         msg: M,
         _options: SendOptions,
@@ -249,10 +253,10 @@ impl BusInner {
             return Err(SendError::Closed(msg).into());
         }
 
+        let tt = msg.type_tag();
         let mid = ID_COUNTER.fetch_add(1, Ordering::Relaxed);
-        let tid = TypeId::of::<M>();
 
-        if let Some(rs) = self.receivers.get(&tid) {
+        if let Some(rs) = self.receivers.get(&tt) {
             if let Some((last, head)) = rs.split_last() {
                 for r in head {
                     let _ = r.force_send(mid, msg.clone());
@@ -273,15 +277,15 @@ impl BusInner {
     }
 
     #[inline]
-    pub fn try_send_one<M: TransferableMessage>(&self, msg: M) -> Result<(), Error<M>> {
+    pub fn try_send_one<M: Message>(&self, msg: M) -> Result<(), Error<M>> {
         if self.closed.load(Ordering::SeqCst) {
             return Err(SendError::Closed(msg).into());
         }
 
+        let tt = msg.type_tag();
         let mid = ID_COUNTER.fetch_add(1, Ordering::Relaxed);
-        let tid = TypeId::of::<M>();
 
-        if let Some(rs) = self.receivers.get(&tid).and_then(|rs| rs.first()) {
+        if let Some(rs) = self.receivers.get(&tt).and_then(|rs| rs.first()) {
             let permits = if let Some(x) = rs.try_reserve() {
                 x
             } else {
@@ -294,30 +298,15 @@ impl BusInner {
         }
     }
 
-    pub async fn send_one<M: TransferableMessage>(&self, msg: M) -> Result<(), Error<M>> {
+    pub async fn send_one<M: Message>(&self, msg: M) -> Result<(), Error<M>> {
         if self.closed.load(Ordering::SeqCst) {
             return Err(SendError::Closed(msg).into());
         }
 
+        let tt = msg.type_tag();
         let mid = ID_COUNTER.fetch_add(1, Ordering::Relaxed);
-        let tid = TypeId::of::<M>();
 
-        if let Some(rs) = self.receivers.get(&tid).and_then(|rs| rs.first()) {
-            Ok(rs.send(mid, msg, rs.reserve().await)?)
-        } else {
-            Err(Error::NoReceivers)
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub async fn send_local_one<M: Message>(&self, msg: M) -> Result<(), Error<M>> {
-        if self.closed.load(Ordering::SeqCst) {
-            return Err(SendError::Closed(msg).into());
-        }
-
-        let mid = ID_COUNTER.fetch_add(1, Ordering::Relaxed);
-        let tid = TypeId::of::<M>();
-
-        if let Some(rs) = self.receivers.get(&tid).and_then(|rs| rs.first()) {
+        if let Some(rs) = self.receivers.get(&tt).and_then(|rs| rs.first()) {
             Ok(rs.send(mid, msg, rs.reserve().await)?)
         } else {
             Err(Error::NoReceivers)
@@ -325,19 +314,19 @@ impl BusInner {
     }
 
     #[inline]
-    pub fn send_one_blocking<M: TransferableMessage>(&self, msg: M) -> Result<(), Error<M>> {
+    pub fn send_one_blocking<M: Message>(&self, msg: M) -> Result<(), Error<M>> {
         futures::executor::block_on(self.send_one(msg))
     }
 
-    pub async fn request<M: TransferableMessage, R: TransferableMessage>(
+    pub async fn request<M: Message, R: Message>(
         &self,
         req: M,
         options: SendOptions,
     ) -> Result<R, Error<M>> {
-        let tid = TypeId::of::<M>();
-        let rid = TypeId::of::<R>();
+        let tid = req.type_tag();
+        let rid = R::type_tag_();
 
-        let mut iter = self.select_receivers(tid, options, Some(rid), None);
+        let mut iter = self.select_receivers(&tid, options, Some(&rid), None);
         if let Some(rc) = iter.next() {
             let (tx, rx) = oneshot::channel();
             let mid = (rc.add_response_waiter(tx).unwrap() | 1 << (usize::BITS - 1)) as u64;
@@ -349,17 +338,17 @@ impl BusInner {
         }
     }
 
-    pub async fn request_local_we<M, R, E>(&self, req: M, options: SendOptions) -> Result<R, Error<M, E>>
+    pub async fn request_we<M, R, E>(&self, req: M, options: SendOptions) -> Result<R, Error<M, E>>
     where
         M: Message,
         R: Message,
         E: StdSyncSendError,
     {
-        let tid = TypeId::of::<M>();
-        let rid = TypeId::of::<R>();
-        let eid = TypeId::of::<E>();
+        let tid = M::type_tag_();
+        let rid = R::type_tag_();
+        let eid = E::type_tag_();
 
-        let mut iter = self.select_receivers(tid, options, Some(rid), Some(eid));
+        let mut iter = self.select_receivers(&tid, options, Some(&rid), Some(&eid));
         if let Some(rc) = iter.next() {
             let (tx, rx) = oneshot::channel();
             let mid = (rc.add_response_waiter_we(tx).unwrap() | 1 << (usize::BITS - 1)) as u64;
@@ -371,23 +360,94 @@ impl BusInner {
         }
     }
 
-    #[inline]
-    fn select_receivers(
+    pub async fn send_boxed(
         &self,
-        tid: TypeId,
+        msg: Box<dyn Message>,
         _options: SendOptions,
-        rid: Option<TypeId>,
-        eid: Option<TypeId>,
-    ) -> impl Iterator<Item = &Receiver> + '_ {
+    ) -> Result<(), Error<Box<dyn Message>>> {
+        if self.closed.load(Ordering::SeqCst) {
+            return Err(SendError::Closed(msg).into());
+        }
+
+        let tt = msg.type_tag();
+        let mid = ID_COUNTER.fetch_add(1, Ordering::Relaxed);
+
+        if let Some(rs) = self.receivers.get(&tt) {
+            if let Some((last, head)) = rs.split_last() {
+                for r in head {
+                    let _ = r.send_boxed(mid, msg.try_clone_boxed().unwrap(), r.reserve().await);
+                }
+
+                let _ = last.send_boxed(mid, msg, last.reserve().await);
+
+                return Ok(());
+            }
+        }
+
+        warn!("Unhandled message: no receivers");
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    pub async fn send_boxed_one(
+        &self,
+        msg: Box<dyn Message>,
+        _options: SendOptions,
+    ) -> Result<(), Error<Box<dyn Message>>> {
+        if self.closed.load(Ordering::SeqCst) {
+            return Err(SendError::Closed(msg).into());
+        }
+
+        let tt = msg.type_tag();
+        let mid = ID_COUNTER.fetch_add(1, Ordering::Relaxed);
+
+        if let Some(rs) = self.receivers.get(&tt).and_then(|rs| rs.first()) {
+            Ok(rs.send_boxed(mid, msg, rs.reserve().await)?)
+        } else {
+            Err(Error::NoReceivers)
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub async fn request_boxed(
+        &self,
+        req: Box<dyn Message>,
+        options: SendOptions,
+    ) -> Result<Box<dyn Message>, Error<Box<dyn Message>>> {
+        if self.closed.load(Ordering::SeqCst) {
+            return Err(SendError::Closed(req).into());
+        }
+
+        let tt = req.type_tag();
+
+        let mut iter = self.select_receivers(&tt, options, None, None);
+        if let Some(rc) = iter.next() {
+            let (tx, rx) = oneshot::channel();
+            let mid = (rc.add_response_waiter_boxed(tx).unwrap() | 1 << (usize::BITS - 1)) as u64;
+            rc.send_boxed(mid, req, rc.reserve().await)?;
+
+            rx.await?.map_err(|x| x.specify::<Box<dyn Message>>())
+        } else {
+            Err(Error::NoReceivers)
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    fn select_receivers<'a, 'b: 'a, 'c: 'a, 'd: 'a>(
+        &'a self,
+        tid: &'b TypeTag,
+        _options: SendOptions,
+        rid: Option<&'c TypeTag>,
+        eid: Option<&'d TypeTag>,
+    ) -> impl Iterator<Item = &Receiver> + 'a {
         self.receivers
-            .get(&tid)
+            .get(tid)
             .into_iter()
             .map(|item| item.iter())
             .flatten()
             .filter(move |x| match (rid, eid) {
-                (Some(r), Some(e)) => x.resp_type_id() == r && x.err_type_id() == e,
-                (Some(r), None) => x.resp_type_id() == r,
-                (None, Some(e)) => x.err_type_id() == e,
+                (Some(r), Some(e)) => x.resp_type_tag() == r && x.err_type_tag() == e,
+                (Some(r), None) => x.resp_type_tag() == r,
+                (None, Some(e)) => x.err_type_tag() == e,
                 (None, None) => true,
             })
     }

src/receiver.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,9 @@
-use crate::{Bus, Error, Message, envelop::{BoxedMessage, TransferableMessage}, error::{SendError, StdSyncSendError}, trait_object::TraitObject};
+use crate::{
+    envelop::{IntoBoxedMessage, TypeTag},
+    error::{SendError, StdSyncSendError},
+    trait_object::TraitObject,
+    Bus, Error, Message,
+};
 use core::{
     any::TypeId,
     fmt,
@@ -7,7 +12,6 @@ use core::{
     pin::Pin,
     task::{Context, Poll},
 };
-use erased_serde::Deserializer;
 use futures::future::poll_fn;
 use futures::Future;
 use std::{
@@ -43,20 +47,36 @@ where
     fn poll_events(&self, ctx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<Event<M, E>>;
 }
 
+pub trait WrapperReturnTypeOnly<R: Message>: Send + Sync {
+    fn add_response_listener(
+        &self,
+        listener: oneshot::Sender<Result<R, Error>>,
+    ) -> Result<usize, Error>;
+}
+
+pub trait WrapperReturnTypeAndError<R: Message, E: StdSyncSendError>: Send + Sync {
+    fn add_response_listener(
+        &self,
+        listener: oneshot::Sender<Result<R, Error<(), E>>>,
+    ) -> Result<usize, Error>;
+    fn response(&self, mid: u64, resp: Result<R, Error<(), E>>) -> Result<(), Error>;
+}
+
 pub trait ReceiverTrait: Send + Sync {
     fn typed(&self) -> AnyReceiver<'_>;
-    fn poller(&self) -> AnyPoller<'_>;
+    fn wrapper(&self) -> AnyWrapper<'_>;
     fn name(&self) -> &str;
+    fn send_boxed(&self, mid: u64, msg: Box<dyn Message>) -> Result<(), Error<Box<dyn Message>>>;
+    fn add_response_listener(
+        &self,
+        listener: oneshot::Sender<Result<Box<dyn Message>, Error>>,
+    ) -> Result<usize, Error>;
     fn stats(&self) -> Result<(), Error<Action>>;
     fn close(&self) -> Result<(), Error<Action>>;
     fn sync(&self) -> Result<(), Error<Action>>;
     fn flush(&self) -> Result<(), Error<Action>>;
 }
 
-pub trait TransferableReceiverTrait: Send + Sync {
-    fn send(&self, mid: u64, de: &mut dyn Deserializer) -> Result<(), Error<BoxedMessage>>;
-}
-
 pub trait ReceiverPollerBuilder {
     fn build(bus: Bus) -> Box<dyn Future<Output = ()>>;
 }
@@ -107,9 +127,62 @@ where
     S: 'static,
 {
     inner: S,
+    waiters: Slab<Waiter<R, E>>,
     _m: PhantomData<(M, R, E)>,
 }
 
+impl<M, R, E, S> WrapperReturnTypeAndError<R, E> for ReceiverWrapper<M, R, E, S>
+where
+    M: Message,
+    R: Message,
+    E: StdSyncSendError,
+    S: Send + Sync + 'static,
+{
+    fn add_response_listener(
+        &self,
+        listener: oneshot::Sender<Result<R, Error<(), E>>>,
+    ) -> Result<usize, Error> {
+        Ok(self
+            .waiters
+            .insert(Waiter::WithErrorType(listener))
+            .ok_or_else(|| Error::AddListenerError)?)
+    }
+
+    fn response(&self, mid: u64, resp: Result<R, Error<(), E>>) -> Result<(), Error> {
+        if let Some(waiter) = self.waiters.take(mid as _) {
+            match waiter {
+                Waiter::WithErrorType(sender) => sender.send(resp).unwrap(),
+                Waiter::WithoutErrorType(sender) => {
+                    sender.send(resp.map_err(|e| e.into_dyn())).unwrap()
+                }
+                Waiter::Boxed(sender) => sender
+                    .send(resp.map_err(|e| e.into_dyn()).map(|x| x.into_boxed()))
+                    .unwrap(),
+            }
+        }
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+impl<M, R, E, S> WrapperReturnTypeOnly<R> for ReceiverWrapper<M, R, E, S>
+where
+    M: Message,
+    R: Message,
+    E: StdSyncSendError,
+    S: Send + Sync + 'static,
+{
+    fn add_response_listener(
+        &self,
+        listener: oneshot::Sender<Result<R, Error>>,
+    ) -> Result<usize, Error> {
+        Ok(self
+            .waiters
+            .insert(Waiter::WithoutErrorType(listener))
+            .ok_or_else(|| Error::AddListenerError)?)
+    }
+}
+
 impl<M, R, E, S> ReceiverTrait for ReceiverWrapper<M, R, E, S>
 where
     M: Message,
@@ -125,8 +198,22 @@ where
         AnyReceiver::new(&self.inner)
     }
 
-    fn poller(&self) -> AnyPoller<'_> {
-        AnyPoller::new(&self.inner)
+    fn wrapper(&self) -> AnyWrapper<'_> {
+        AnyWrapper::new(self)
+    }
+
+    fn send_boxed(
+        &self,
+        mid: u64,
+        boxed_msg: Box<dyn Message>,
+    ) -> Result<(), Error<Box<dyn Message>>> {
+        let boxed = boxed_msg
+            .as_any_boxed()
+            .downcast::<M>()
+            .map_err(|_| Error::MessageCastError)?;
+
+        Ok(SendTypedReceiver::send(&self.inner, mid, *boxed)
+            .map_err(|err| Error::from(err.into_boxed()))?)
     }
 
     fn stats(&self) -> Result<(), Error<Action>> {
@@ -144,21 +231,18 @@ where
     fn flush(&self) -> Result<(), Error<Action>> {
         Ok(SendUntypedReceiver::send(&self.inner, Action::Flush)?)
     }
-}
 
-impl<M, R, E, S> TransferableReceiverTrait for ReceiverWrapper<M, R, E, S>
-where
-    M: TransferableMessage,
-    R: TransferableMessage,
-    E: StdSyncSendError,
-    S: SendUntypedReceiver + SendTypedReceiver<M> + ReciveTypedReceiver<R, E> + 'static,
-{
-    fn send(&self, mid: u64, de: &mut dyn Deserializer) -> Result<(), Error<BoxedMessage>> {
-        unimplemented!()
+    fn add_response_listener(
+        &self,
+        listener: oneshot::Sender<Result<Box<dyn Message>, Error>>,
+    ) -> Result<usize, Error> {
+        Ok(self
+            .waiters
+            .insert(Waiter::Boxed(listener))
+            .ok_or_else(|| Error::AddListenerError)?)
     }
 }
 
-
 pub struct Permit {
     pub(crate) fuse: bool,
     pub(crate) inner: Arc<dyn PermitDrop>,
@@ -173,64 +257,134 @@ impl Drop for Permit {
 }
 
 pub struct AnyReceiver<'a> {
-    dyn_typed_receiver_trait_object: TraitObject,
-    type_id: TypeId,
+    data: *mut (),
+    typed: (TypeId, *mut ()),
+    poller: (TypeId, *mut ()),
     _m: PhantomData<&'a usize>,
 }
 
+impl<'a> AnyReceiver<'a> {
+    pub fn new<M, R, E, S>(rcvr: &'a S) -> Self
+    where
+        M: Message,
+        R: Message,
+        E: StdSyncSendError,
+        S: SendTypedReceiver<M> + ReciveTypedReceiver<R, E> + 'static,
+    {
+        let send_typed_receiver = rcvr as &(dyn SendTypedReceiver<M>);
+        let recive_typed_receiver = rcvr as &(dyn ReciveTypedReceiver<R, E>);
+
+        let send_typed_receiver: TraitObject = unsafe { mem::transmute(send_typed_receiver) };
+        let recive_typed_receiver: TraitObject = unsafe { mem::transmute(recive_typed_receiver) };
+
+        Self {
+            data: send_typed_receiver.data,
+            typed: (
+                TypeId::of::<dyn SendTypedReceiver<M>>(),
+                send_typed_receiver.vtable,
+            ),
+            poller: (
+                TypeId::of::<dyn ReciveTypedReceiver<R, E>>(),
+                recive_typed_receiver.vtable,
+            ),
+            _m: Default::default(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn cast_send_typed<M: Message>(&'a self) -> &'a dyn SendTypedReceiver<M> {
+        assert_eq!(self.typed.0, TypeId::of::<dyn SendTypedReceiver<M>>());
+
+        unsafe {
+            mem::transmute(TraitObject {
+                data: self.data,
+                vtable: self.typed.1,
+            })
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn cast_recive_typed<R: Message, E: StdSyncSendError>(
+        &'a self,
+    ) -> &'a dyn ReciveTypedReceiver<R, E> {
+        assert_eq!(self.poller.0, TypeId::of::<dyn ReciveTypedReceiver<R, E>>());
+
+        unsafe {
+            mem::transmute(TraitObject {
+                data: self.data,
+                vtable: self.poller.1,
+            })
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 unsafe impl Send for AnyReceiver<'_> {}
 
-impl<'a> AnyReceiver<'a> {
-    pub fn new<M: Message, R: SendTypedReceiver<M> + 'static>(rcvr: &'a R) -> Self {
-        let trcvr = rcvr as &(dyn SendTypedReceiver<M>);
-
-        Self {
-            dyn_typed_receiver_trait_object: unsafe { mem::transmute(trcvr) },
-            type_id: TypeId::of::<dyn SendTypedReceiver<M>>(),
-            _m: Default::default(),
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub fn dyn_typed_receiver<M: Message>(&'a self) -> &'a dyn SendTypedReceiver<M> {
-        assert_eq!(self.type_id, TypeId::of::<dyn SendTypedReceiver<M>>());
-
-        unsafe { mem::transmute(self.dyn_typed_receiver_trait_object) }
-    }
-}
-
-pub struct AnyPoller<'a> {
-    dyn_typed_receiver_trait_object: TraitObject,
-    type_id: TypeId,
+pub struct AnyWrapper<'a> {
+    data: *mut (),
+    wrapper_r: (TypeId, *mut ()),
+    wrapper_re: (TypeId, *mut ()),
     _m: PhantomData<&'a usize>,
 }
 
-unsafe impl Send for AnyPoller<'_> {}
-
-impl<'a> AnyPoller<'a> {
-    pub fn new<M, E, R>(rcvr: &'a R) -> Self
+impl<'a> AnyWrapper<'a> {
+    pub fn new<R, E, S>(rcvr: &'a S) -> Self
     where
-        M: Message,
+        R: Message,
         E: StdSyncSendError,
-        R: ReciveTypedReceiver<M, E> + 'static,
+        S: WrapperReturnTypeOnly<R> + WrapperReturnTypeAndError<R, E> + 'static,
     {
-        let trcvr = rcvr as &(dyn ReciveTypedReceiver<M, E>);
+        let wrapper_r = rcvr as &(dyn WrapperReturnTypeOnly<R>);
+        let wrapper_re = rcvr as &(dyn WrapperReturnTypeAndError<R, E>);
+
+        let wrapper_r: TraitObject = unsafe { mem::transmute(wrapper_r) };
+        let wrapper_re: TraitObject = unsafe { mem::transmute(wrapper_re) };
 
         Self {
-            dyn_typed_receiver_trait_object: unsafe { mem::transmute(trcvr) },
-            type_id: TypeId::of::<dyn ReciveTypedReceiver<M, E>>(),
+            data: wrapper_r.data,
+            wrapper_r: (
+                TypeId::of::<dyn WrapperReturnTypeOnly<R>>(),
+                wrapper_r.vtable,
+            ),
+            wrapper_re: (
+                TypeId::of::<dyn WrapperReturnTypeAndError<R, E>>(),
+                wrapper_re.vtable,
+            ),
             _m: Default::default(),
         }
     }
 
-    pub fn dyn_typed_receiver<M: Message, E: StdSyncSendError>(
-        &'a self,
-    ) -> &'a dyn ReciveTypedReceiver<M, E> {
-        assert_eq!(self.type_id, TypeId::of::<dyn ReciveTypedReceiver<M, E>>());
+    pub fn cast_ret_only<R: Message>(&'a self) -> &'a dyn WrapperReturnTypeOnly<R> {
+        assert_eq!(
+            self.wrapper_r.0,
+            TypeId::of::<dyn WrapperReturnTypeOnly<R>>()
+        );
 
-        unsafe { mem::transmute(self.dyn_typed_receiver_trait_object) }
+        unsafe {
+            mem::transmute(TraitObject {
+                data: self.data,
+                vtable: self.wrapper_r.1,
+            })
         }
     }
 
+    pub fn cast_ret_and_error<R: Message, E: StdSyncSendError>(
+        &'a self,
+    ) -> &'a dyn WrapperReturnTypeAndError<R, E> {
+        assert_eq!(
+            self.wrapper_re.0,
+            TypeId::of::<dyn WrapperReturnTypeAndError<R, E>>()
+        );
+
+        unsafe {
+            mem::transmute(TraitObject {
+                data: self.data,
+                vtable: self.wrapper_re.1,
+            })
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+unsafe impl Send for AnyWrapper<'_> {}
+
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 pub struct ReceiverStats {
     pub name: Cow<'static, str>,
@@ -255,8 +409,8 @@ impl fmt::Display for ReceiverStats {
 }
 
 struct ReceiverContext {
-    resp_type_id: TypeId,
-    err_type_id: TypeId,
+    resp_type_tag: TypeTag,
+    err_type_tag: TypeTag,
     limit: u64,
     processing: AtomicU64,
     need_flush: AtomicBool,
@@ -272,11 +426,15 @@ impl PermitDrop for ReceiverContext {
     }
 }
 
+enum Waiter<R: Message, E: StdSyncSendError> {
+    WithErrorType(oneshot::Sender<Result<R, Error<(), E>>>),
+    WithoutErrorType(oneshot::Sender<Result<R, Error>>),
+    Boxed(oneshot::Sender<Result<Box<dyn Message>, Error>>),
+}
+
 pub struct Receiver {
     inner: Arc<dyn ReceiverTrait>,
     context: Arc<ReceiverContext>,
-    waiters: Arc<dyn Any + Send + Sync>,
-    waiters_void: Arc<dyn Any + Send + Sync>,
 }
 
 impl fmt::Debug for Receiver {
@@ -305,8 +463,8 @@ impl Receiver {
     {
         Self {
             context: Arc::new(ReceiverContext {
-                resp_type_id: TypeId::of::<R>(),
-                err_type_id: TypeId::of::<E>(),
+                resp_type_tag: R::type_tag_(),
+                err_type_tag: E::type_tag_(),
                 limit,
                 processing: AtomicU64::new(0),
                 need_flush: AtomicBool::new(false),
@@ -317,29 +475,20 @@ impl Receiver {
             }),
             inner: Arc::new(ReceiverWrapper {
                 inner,
+                waiters: sharded_slab::Slab::<Waiter<R, E>>::new_with_config::<SlabCfg>(),
                 _m: Default::default(),
             }),
-            waiters: Arc::new(
-                sharded_slab::Slab::<oneshot::Sender<Result<R, Error<(), E>>>>::new_with_config::<
-                    SlabCfg,
-                >(),
-            ),
-            waiters_void: Arc::new(
-                sharded_slab::Slab::<oneshot::Sender<Result<R, Error<()>>>>::new_with_config::<
-                    SlabCfg,
-                >(),
-            ),
         }
     }
 
     #[inline]
-    pub fn resp_type_id(&self) -> TypeId {
-        self.context.resp_type_id
+    pub fn resp_type_tag(&self) -> &TypeTag {
+        &self.context.resp_type_tag
     }
 
     #[inline]
-    pub fn err_type_id(&self) -> TypeId {
-        self.context.err_type_id
+    pub fn err_type_tag(&self) -> &TypeTag {
+        &self.context.err_type_tag
     }
 
     #[inline]
@@ -404,7 +553,7 @@ impl Receiver {
         mut permit: Permit,
     ) -> Result<(), SendError<M>> {
         let any_receiver = self.inner.typed();
-        let receiver = any_receiver.dyn_typed_receiver::<M>();
+        let receiver = any_receiver.cast_send_typed::<M>();
         let res = receiver.send(mid, msg);
         permit.fuse = true;
 
@@ -418,7 +567,7 @@ impl Receiver {
     #[inline]
     pub fn force_send<M: Message + Clone>(&self, mid: u64, msg: M) -> Result<(), SendError<M>> {
         let any_receiver = self.inner.typed();
-        let receiver = any_receiver.dyn_typed_receiver::<M>();
+        let receiver = any_receiver.cast_send_typed::<M>();
         let res = receiver.send(mid, msg);
         self.context.processing.fetch_add(1, Ordering::SeqCst);
 
@@ -429,6 +578,23 @@ impl Receiver {
         res
     }
 
+    pub fn send_boxed(
+        &self,
+        mid: u64,
+        msg: Box<dyn Message>,
+        mut permit: Permit,
+    ) -> Result<(), Error<Box<dyn Message>>> {
+        self.context.processing.fetch_add(1, Ordering::SeqCst);
+        let res = self.inner.send_boxed(mid, msg);
+        permit.fuse = true;
+
+        if !res.is_err() {
+            self.context.need_flush.store(true, Ordering::SeqCst);
+        }
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
     pub fn start_polling_events<R, E>(
         &self,
     ) -> Box<dyn FnOnce(Bus) -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output = ()> + Send>>>
@@ -439,22 +605,13 @@ impl Receiver {
         let ctx_clone = self.context.clone();
         let inner_clone = self.inner.clone();
 
-        let waiters = self
-            .waiters
-            .clone()
-            .downcast::<Slab<oneshot::Sender<Result<R, Error<(), E>>>>>()
-            .unwrap();
-
-        let waiters_void = self
-            .waiters_void
-            .clone()
-            .downcast::<Slab<oneshot::Sender<Result<R, Error<()>>>>>()
-            .unwrap();
-
         Box::new(move |_| {
             Box::pin(async move {
-                let any_receiver = inner_clone.poller();
-                let receiver = any_receiver.dyn_typed_receiver::<R, E>();
+                let any_receiver = inner_clone.typed();
+                let receiver = any_receiver.cast_recive_typed::<R, E>();
+
+                let any_wrapper = inner_clone.wrapper();
+                let wrapper = any_wrapper.cast_ret_and_error::<R, E>();
 
                 loop {
                     let event = poll_fn(move |ctx| receiver.poll_events(ctx)).await;
@@ -469,16 +626,8 @@ impl Receiver {
                             ctx_clone.processing.fetch_sub(1, Ordering::SeqCst);
                             ctx_clone.response.notify_one();
 
-                            if let Some(waiter) = waiters.take(mid as usize) {
-                                if waiter.send(resp).is_err() {
-                                    error!("Response cannot be processed!");
-                                }
-                            } else if let Some(waiter) = waiters_void.take(mid as usize) {
-                                if waiter.send(resp.map_err(|x| x.into_dyn())).is_err() {
-                                    error!("Response cannot be processed!");
-                                }
-                            } else if TypeId::of::<R>() != TypeId::of::<()>() {
-                                warn!("Non-void response has no waiters!");
+                            if let Err(err) = wrapper.response(mid, resp) {
+                                error!("Response error: {}", err);
                             }
                         }
 
@@ -489,48 +638,36 @@ impl Receiver {
         })
     }
 
+    #[inline]
+    pub(crate) fn add_response_waiter_boxed(
+        &self,
+        waiter: oneshot::Sender<Result<Box<dyn Message>, Error>>,
+    ) -> Result<usize, Error> {
+        self.inner.add_response_listener(waiter)
+    }
+
     #[inline]
     pub(crate) fn add_response_waiter<R: Message>(
         &self,
-        waiter: oneshot::Sender<Result<R, Error<()>>>,
-    ) -> Option<usize> {
-        let idx = self
-            .waiters_void
-            .downcast_ref::<Slab<oneshot::Sender<Result<R, Error<()>>>>>()
-            .unwrap()
-            .insert(waiter)?;
+        waiter: oneshot::Sender<Result<R, Error>>,
+    ) -> Result<usize, Error> {
+        let any_receiver = self.inner.wrapper();
+        let receiver = any_receiver.cast_ret_only::<R>();
 
-        Some(idx)
+        receiver.add_response_listener(waiter)
     }
 
     #[inline]
     pub(crate) fn add_response_waiter_we<R: Message, E: StdSyncSendError>(
         &self,
         waiter: oneshot::Sender<Result<R, Error<(), E>>>,
-    ) -> Option<usize> {
-        let idx = self
-            .waiters
-            .downcast_ref::<Slab<oneshot::Sender<Result<R, Error<(), E>>>>>()
-            .unwrap()
-            .insert(waiter)?;
+    ) -> Result<usize, Error> {
+        let any_receiver = self.inner.wrapper();
+        let receiver = any_receiver.cast_ret_and_error::<R, E>();
 
-        Some(idx)
+        receiver.add_response_listener(waiter)
     }
 
-    // #[inline]
-    // pub(crate) fn add_response_waiter_dyn(
-    //     &self,
-    //     waiter: oneshot::Sender<Result<R, Error<(), E>>>,
-    // ) -> Option<usize> {
-    //     let idx = self
-    //         .waiters
-    //         .downcast_ref::<Slab<oneshot::Sender<Result<R, Error<(), E>>>>>()
-    //         .unwrap()
-    //         .insert(waiter)?;
-
-    //     Some(idx)
-    // }
-
     #[inline]
     pub async fn close(&self) {
         let notified = self.context.closed.notified();

src/receivers/buffer_unordered/mod.rs

@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@ mod sync;
 use std::sync::atomic::AtomicU64;
 
 pub use r#async::BufferUnorderedAsync;
+use serde_derive::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 pub use sync::BufferUnorderedSync;
-use serde_derive::{Serialize, Deserialize};
 
 #[derive(Debug)]
 pub struct BufferUnorderedStats {

src/receivers/buffer_unordered_batched/mod.rs

@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@ mod sync;
 use std::sync::atomic::AtomicU64;
 
 pub use r#async::BufferUnorderedBatchedAsync;
+use serde_derive::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 pub use sync::BufferUnorderedBatchedSync;
-use serde_derive::{Serialize, Deserialize};
 
 #[derive(Debug)]
 pub struct BufferUnorderedBatchedStats {

src/receivers/mod.rs

@@ -29,7 +29,9 @@ where
 }
 
 #[inline(always)]
-pub(crate) fn fix_into_iter<I, T: IntoIterator<Item = I> + Send>(x: T) -> impl IntoIterator<Item = I> + Send {
+pub(crate) fn fix_into_iter<I, T: IntoIterator<Item = I> + Send>(
+    x: T,
+) -> impl IntoIterator<Item = I> + Send {
     x
 }
 

src/receivers/synchronize_batched/async.rs

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ use crate::{
     builder::ReceiverSubscriberBuilder,
     error::{Error, SendError, StdSyncSendError},
     receiver::{Action, Event, ReciveTypedReceiver, SendTypedReceiver, SendUntypedReceiver},
-    receivers::{fix_type, fix_into_iter, Request},
+    receivers::{fix_into_iter, fix_type, Request},
     AsyncBatchSynchronizedHandler, Bus, Message, Untyped,
 };
 

src/receivers/synchronize_batched/mod.rs

@@ -4,9 +4,8 @@ mod sync;
 use std::sync::atomic::AtomicU64;
 
 pub use r#async::SynchronizedBatchedAsync;
+use serde_derive::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 pub use sync::SynchronizedBatchedSync;
-use serde_derive::{Serialize, Deserialize};
-
 
 #[derive(Debug)]
 pub struct SynchronizedBatchedStats {

src/receivers/synchronize_batched/sync.rs

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ use crate::{
     builder::ReceiverSubscriberBuilder,
     error::{Error, SendError, StdSyncSendError},
     receiver::{Action, Event, ReciveTypedReceiver, SendTypedReceiver, SendUntypedReceiver},
-    receivers::{fix_type, fix_into_iter, Request},
+    receivers::{fix_into_iter, fix_type, Request},
     BatchSynchronizedHandler, Bus, Message, Untyped,
 };
 

src/receivers/synchronized/mod.rs

@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@ mod sync;
 use std::sync::atomic::AtomicU64;
 
 pub use r#async::SynchronizedAsync;
+use serde_derive::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 pub use sync::SynchronizedSync;
-use serde_derive::{Serialize, Deserialize};
 
 #[derive(Debug)]
 pub struct SynchronizedStats {

src/relay.rs

@@ -1,14 +1,25 @@
-use std::{any::TypeId, borrow::Cow, collections::HashMap, sync::atomic::{AtomicU64, Ordering}};
+use std::{
+    any::TypeId,
+    borrow::Cow,
+    collections::HashMap,
+    sync::atomic::{AtomicU64, Ordering},
+};
 
-use tokio::sync::oneshot::Sender;
 use sharded_slab::Slab;
+use tokio::sync::oneshot::Sender;
 
-use crate::{Bus, Message, envelop::SafeMessage, error::{Error, SendError}, receiver::Permit};
+use crate::{
+    error::{Error, SendError},
+    receiver::Permit,
+    Bus, Message,
+};
 
 pub trait RelayTrait {
-    // fn handle_message(&self, mid: u64, msg: &dyn SafeMessage, tx: Option<Sender<>>, bus: &Bus);
-    fn start_relay(&self, bus: &Bus) -> Result<(), Error> ;
-    fn stop_relay(&self);
+    type Context;
+    // fn handle_message(&self, mid: u64, msg: &dyn SafeMessage, ctx: Self::Context, bus: &Bus);
+    // fn handle_request(&self, mid: u64, msg: &dyn SafeMessage, ctx: Self::Context, bus: &Bus);
+    fn start_relay(&self, bus: &Bus) -> Result<Self::Context, Error>;
+    fn stop_relay(&self, ctx: Self::Context);
 }
 
 pub struct Relay {