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<ol class="chapter"><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="../title-page.html">Helix</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../install.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.</strong> Installation</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../usage.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.</strong> Usage</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../keymap.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.</strong> Keymap</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../commands.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.2.</strong> Commands</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../lang-support.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.3.</strong> Language Support</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../from-vim.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.</strong> Migrating from Vim</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../configuration.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.</strong> Configuration</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../themes.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.1.</strong> Themes</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../remapping.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.2.</strong> Key Remapping</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../hooks.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.3.</strong> Hooks</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../languages.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.4.</strong> Languages</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../guides/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.</strong> Guides</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../guides/adding_languages.html" class="active"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.1.</strong> Adding Languages</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../guides/textobject.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.2.</strong> Adding Textobject Queries</a></li></ol></li></ol>
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<main>
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<h1 id="adding-languages"><a class="header" href="#adding-languages">Adding languages</a></h1>
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<h2 id="language-configuration"><a class="header" href="#language-configuration">Language configuration</a></h2>
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<p>To add a new language, you need to add a <code>language</code> entry to the
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<a href="https://github.com/helix-editor/helix/blob/master/languages.toml"><code>languages.toml</code></a> found in the root of the repository;
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this <code>languages.toml</code> file is included at compilation time, and is
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distinct from the <code>languages.toml</code> file in the user's <a href="../configuration.html">configuration
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directory</a>.</p>
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<pre><code class="language-toml">[[language]]
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name = "mylang"
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scope = "scope.mylang"
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injection-regex = "^mylang$"
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file-types = ["mylang", "myl"]
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comment-token = "#"
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indent = { tab-width = 2, unit = " " }
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</code></pre>
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<p>These are the available keys and descriptions for the file.</p>
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<table><thead><tr><th>Key</th><th>Description</th></tr></thead><tbody>
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<tr><td><code>name</code></td><td>The name of the language</td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>scope</code></td><td>A string like <code>source.js</code> that identifies the language. Currently, we strive to match the scope names used by popular TextMate grammars and by the Linguist library. Usually <code>source.<name></code> or <code>text.<name></code> in case of markup languages</td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>injection-regex</code></td><td>regex pattern that will be tested against a language name in order to determine whether this language should be used for a potential <a href="https://tree-sitter.github.io/tree-sitter/syntax-highlighting#language-injection">language injection</a> site.</td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>file-types</code></td><td>The filetypes of the language, for example <code>["yml", "yaml"]</code>. Extensions and full file names are supported.</td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>shebangs</code></td><td>The interpreters from the shebang line, for example <code>["sh", "bash"]</code></td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>roots</code></td><td>A set of marker files to look for when trying to find the workspace root. For example <code>Cargo.lock</code>, <code>yarn.lock</code></td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>auto-format</code></td><td>Whether to autoformat this language when saving</td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>diagnostic-severity</code></td><td>Minimal severity of diagnostic for it to be displayed. (Allowed values: <code>Error</code>, <code>Warning</code>, <code>Info</code>, <code>Hint</code>)</td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>comment-token</code></td><td>The token to use as a comment-token</td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>indent</code></td><td>The indent to use. Has sub keys <code>tab-width</code> and <code>unit</code></td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>config</code></td><td>Language server configuration</td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>grammar</code></td><td>The tree-sitter grammar to use (defaults to the value of <code>name</code>)</td></tr>
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</tbody></table>
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<h2 id="grammar-configuration"><a class="header" href="#grammar-configuration">Grammar configuration</a></h2>
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<p>If a tree-sitter grammar is available for the language, add a new <code>grammar</code>
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entry to <code>languages.toml</code>.</p>
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<pre><code class="language-toml">[[grammar]]
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name = "mylang"
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source = { git = "https://github.com/example/mylang", rev = "a250c4582510ff34767ec3b7dcdd3c24e8c8aa68" }
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</code></pre>
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<p>Grammar configuration takes these keys:</p>
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<table><thead><tr><th>Key</th><th>Description</th></tr></thead><tbody>
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<tr><td><code>name</code></td><td>The name of the tree-sitter grammar</td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>source</code></td><td>The method of fetching the grammar - a table with a schema defined below</td></tr>
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</tbody></table>
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<p>Where <code>source</code> is a table with either these keys when using a grammar from a
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git repository:</p>
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<table><thead><tr><th>Key</th><th>Description</th></tr></thead><tbody>
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<tr><td><code>git</code></td><td>A git remote URL from which the grammar should be cloned</td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>rev</code></td><td>The revision (commit hash or tag) which should be fetched</td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>subpath</code></td><td>A path within the grammar directory which should be built. Some grammar repositories host multiple grammars (for example <code>tree-sitter-typescript</code> and <code>tree-sitter-ocaml</code>) in subdirectories. This key is used to point <code>hx --grammar build</code> to the correct path for compilation. When omitted, the root of repository is used</td></tr>
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</tbody></table>
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<p>Or a <code>path</code> key with an absolute path to a locally available grammar directory.</p>
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<h2 id="queries"><a class="header" href="#queries">Queries</a></h2>
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<p>For a language to have syntax-highlighting and indentation among
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other things, you have to add queries. Add a directory for your
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language with the path <code>runtime/queries/<name>/</code>. The tree-sitter
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<a href="https://tree-sitter.github.io/tree-sitter/syntax-highlighting#queries">website</a>
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gives more info on how to write queries.</p>
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<blockquote>
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<p>NOTE: When evaluating queries, the first matching query takes
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precedence, which is different from other editors like neovim where
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the last matching query supersedes the ones before it. See
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<a href="https://github.com/helix-editor/helix/pull/1170#issuecomment-997294090">this issue</a> for an example.</p>
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</blockquote>
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<h2 id="common-issues"><a class="header" href="#common-issues">Common Issues</a></h2>
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<ul>
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<li>
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<p>If you get errors when running after switching branches, you may have to update the tree-sitter grammars. Run <code>hx --grammar fetch</code> to fetch the grammars and <code>hx --grammar build</code> to build any out-of-date grammars.</p>
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</li>
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<li>
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<p>If a parser is segfaulting or you want to remove the parser, make sure to remove the compiled parser in <code>runtime/grammar/<name>.so</code></p>
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</li>
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<li>
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<p>The indents query is <code>indents.toml</code>, <em>not</em> <code>indents.scm</code>. See <a href="https://github.com/helix-editor/helix/issues/114">this</a> issue for more information.</p>
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</li>
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